The article states that large pterosaurs were not capable of powered fligh and provide three reasons of support. However, the professor states that several arguments have suggested that pterosaurs might be capable of powered flight and she refutes each of the author's reasons.
First, the reading claims that since pterosaures were probably cold-blooded animals, they have a slow metabolism process and are unable to produce enough energy needed to fly. Conversely, the professor opposes this point by saying that according to recent discoveries in dinosaur fossil, a dense hair like structure have been found. This means the pterosaurs were have feathers, so they were a warm-blooded animals. Becuase they needed feathers to keep their body temperature. Also, she says that since they were warm-blooded animals, in addition to being too fast, they were supported by the necessary energy to powered fly.
Second, the article avers that pterosaurs were heavy and large, sp they would not have been able to flap their wings enough to stay aloft fro any duration of time. The professor, on the other hand, refutes this point by explaining that this animal had an anatomical feature that could make them so light in weight and eventually they could fly. For instance, their bones is composed of hollow bones not soild ones. And thus, this charcteristic have been made pterosaurs so light, despite of their large size.
Third, the reading posits that large ptersoaurs would not be able tp take off from the ground, because they would have needed big, powerful muscles in their back legs to launch themselves into the air. Conversely, the professor opposes this point by stating that this dinosaur had 4 limbs to walk on the ground, unlike other animals, such as birds. modern flight animals that using 4 limbs to walk on the ground, would have faced any trouble to fly , even if they have a large size. Therefore, this dinosaur could fly by jumping and
- TPO-17 - Integrated Writing Task In the past century, the steady growth of the human population and the corresponding increase in agriculture and pesticide use have caused much harm to wildlife in the United States,birds in particular. Unfortunately for b 80
- TPO-23 - Integrated Writing Task Populations of the yellow cedar, a species of tree that is common in northwestern North America, have been steadily declining for more than a century now, since about 1880. Scientists have advanced several hypotheses expla 76
- x 3
- TPO-23 - Integrated Writing Task Populations of the yellow cedar, a species of tree that is common in northwestern North America, have been steadily declining for more than a century now, since about 1880. Scientists have advanced several hypotheses expla 83
- TPO-34 - Integrated Writing Task A huge marine mammal known as Steller’s sea cow once lived in the waters around Bering Island off the coast of Siberia. It was described in 1741 by Georg W. Steller, a naturalist who was among the first Europeans to see 83
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 408, Rule ID: A_PLURAL[2]
Message: Don't use indefinite articles with plural words. Did you mean 'animal'?
Suggestion: animal
...e feathers, so they were a warm-blooded animals. Becuase they needed feathers to keep t...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 139, Rule ID: FOR_FRO[1]
Message: Did you mean 'for'?
Suggestion: for
...o flap their wings enough to stay aloft fro any duration of time. The professor, on...
^^^
Line 5, column 299, Rule ID: ADJECTIVE_IN_ATTRIBUTE[1]
Message: A more concise phrase may lose no meaning and sound more powerful.
Suggestion: light
...tomical feature that could make them so light in weight and eventually they could fly. For inst...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 8, column 263, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...essor opposes this point by stating that this dinosaur had 4 limbs to walk on the...
^^
Line 8, column 351, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Modern
...d, unlike other animals, such as birds. modern flight animals that using 4 limbs to wa...
^^^^^^
Line 8, column 450, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...und, would have faced any trouble to fly , even if they have a large size. Therefo...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, conversely, first, however, if, second, so, therefore, third, thus, for instance, in addition, such as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 38.0 22.412803532 170% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 37.0 30.3222958057 122% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1635.0 1373.03311258 119% => OK
No of words: 323.0 270.72406181 119% => OK
Chars per words: 5.06191950464 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.23936324884 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.44381110077 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 171.0 145.348785872 118% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.529411764706 0.540411800872 98% => OK
syllable_count: 490.5 419.366225166 117% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Interrogative: 0.0 0.116997792494 0% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 46.3299279324 49.2860985944 94% => OK
Chars per sentence: 109.0 110.228320801 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.5333333333 21.698381199 99% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.46666666667 7.06452816374 120% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.511804712103 0.272083759551 188% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.173986258753 0.0996497079465 175% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.110647020267 0.0662205650399 167% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.300906695728 0.162205337803 186% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0290208027789 0.0443174109184 65% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.2 13.3589403974 99% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 58.62 53.8541721854 109% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.07 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.1 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 70.0 63.6247240618 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.