TPO47
The author casts doubt on the capability of Pterosaurs to fly or even glide. The lecturer, however, refutes the claim by mentioning some resulted outcomes from recent researches. She believes that they might be able to fly.
Firstly, as it is stated in the reading, the Pterosaurs were a kind of reptiles which are actually a cold-blooded animal; hence, it is expected that they were cold-blooded as well and consequently, they could not afford enough energy for a fly. Nonetheless, the professor points out to some studies which show that they had fur and hair on their body like numerous warm-blooded animals. For this reason, they were able to maintain the body temperature roughly constant and produce the required energy.
Second, another especial feature of Pterosaurs was a massive weight which made it approximately impossible to fly. On the contrary, the lecturer states that the huge volume of the given animal not translate into that they were too heavy to fly; since they actually enjoy a large proportion of hollow bones with light weight. In other words, the bones were not dense and there were a great deal of empty space.
Third, taking off from the ground is associated with some powerful and strong muscles in the back of their legs. As a result, according to the fossil founded, it can be assumed that those corresponding muscles were small and not efficient for flying. Nevertheless, the lecturer refers to the recent discovery which indicates that they walked with four feet. In contrast to the birds which push and jump through two legs, the Pterosaurs could run and jump faster due to the larger number of limes.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 312, Rule ID: LIGHT_WEIGHT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'lightweight'?
Suggestion: lightweight
...a large proportion of hollow bones with light weight. In other words, the bones were not den...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, consequently, first, firstly, hence, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, second, so, third, well, in contrast, kind of, as a result, in contrast to, in other words, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 37.0 30.3222958057 122% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1371.0 1373.03311258 100% => OK
No of words: 276.0 270.72406181 102% => OK
Chars per words: 4.96739130435 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.07593519647 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.61065496067 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 164.0 145.348785872 113% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.594202898551 0.540411800872 110% => OK
syllable_count: 414.9 419.366225166 99% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Interrogative: 0.0 0.116997792494 0% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 50.971392371 49.2860985944 103% => OK
Chars per sentence: 105.461538462 110.228320801 96% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.2307692308 21.698381199 98% => OK
Discourse Markers: 14.6153846154 7.06452816374 207% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.365055625191 0.272083759551 134% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.110971221604 0.0996497079465 111% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0590762635328 0.0662205650399 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.195798073932 0.162205337803 121% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.052232107881 0.0443174109184 118% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.6 13.3589403974 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 58.62 53.8541721854 109% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.55 12.2367328918 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.45 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 66.0 63.6247240618 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.