Much archaeological evidence supports the widely held view that the first people to migrate to the American continent entered through a land bridge, which at one time joined Eastern Asia with North America. This land bridge, known as Beringia, was a wide expanse of terrain that emerged from the ocean as the sea levels dropped due to widespread glaciation at the time of the last Ice Age. Groups of humans could have slowly migrated across the grassy tundra of Beringia, feeding on herds of animals or coastal marine life. At the time, much of North America including what is now Canada, would have been covered with thick ice sheets making further movement southward a physical impossibility.
At a later period, the ice receded and humans would have been able to traverse an ice-free corridor in a southerly direction, and gradually settle the vast uninhabited continent. The ending of the Ice Age also caused the ocean levels to rise, thus submerging Beringia and isolating the new migrants from peoples on the Asian side. During the next centuries the descendants of the pioneers who crossed Beringia gradually peopled the entire landmass of the Americas. This view of the origins of the first Americans is often known as the Clovis-first theory (named after the site in New Mexico where stone artifacts made by these settlers were first found). Many subsequent finds of Clovis tools demonstrate this culture's extensive penetration throughout the continent.
According to the lecture, the different evidences suggests that the early inhabitants of Americans dated back earlier than what Clovis-first theory suggests. In contrast, the author explains that first people to migrate to America continent entered through land bridge called Beringia during ice age from Asia.
First of all, the author points out that the people from Eastern Asia migrated across the grassy tundra of Beringia which at the time was fully covered with ice sheets. However, the lecture refutes this by explaining that ice sheets which covered land mass would have make the travel not difficult.
Secondly, although the Clovis period was 11000-13000 years ago, many archaeological evidence were found to be older than Clovis. Furthermore, the lecturer provides evidences that the site of eastern United states was 19000 years old and of South America was 15000 years old which was way before Clovis period. The lecturer cast doubts about Clovis-first theory by explaining that the dating techniques provide evidences of record 15000 years ago and he further argues that it would have taken century to pass the huge Beringia.
Thirdly, the lecturer mentions that the older remains don’t look like native American rather it fits to pacific or norther Japan. He further puts his view that many American resembles Siberian which might have migrated around 40,000 years ago. Lastly, he explains there were different people from different area that traveled to America which is extremely complex. Thus, the Clovis theory is doubtful.
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- Lecture script(professor)Now let me tell you what happened. The president of Acme Accounting needed to come to a decision about how to deal with the serious problem of tardiness among the junior accountants.One member of the company's senior staff had sub 60
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 312, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...lled Beringia during ice age from Asia. First of all, the author points out that...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 300, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...uld have make the travel not difficult. Secondly, although the Clovis period was...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 65, Rule ID: MANY_NN_U[3]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun evidence seems to be uncountable; consider using: 'much archaeological evidence', 'a good deal of archaeological evidence'.
Suggestion: much archaeological evidence; a good deal of archaeological evidence
...lovis period was 11000-13000 years ago, many archaeological evidence were found to be older than Clovis. Fur...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 166, Rule ID: MANY_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun American seems to be countable; consider using: 'many Americans'.
Suggestion: many Americans
...er Japan. He further puts his view that many American resembles Siberian which might have mig...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 250, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... have migrated around 40,000 years ago. Lastly, he explains there were different...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, furthermore, however, if, lastly, look, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly, thus, in contrast, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 17.0 22.412803532 76% => OK
Preposition: 29.0 30.3222958057 96% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1313.0 1373.03311258 96% => OK
No of words: 244.0 270.72406181 90% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.38114754098 5.08290768461 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.95227774224 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.40227919077 2.5805825403 93% => OK
Unique words: 149.0 145.348785872 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.610655737705 0.540411800872 113% => OK
syllable_count: 392.4 419.366225166 94% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 43.6814161366 49.2860985944 89% => OK
Chars per sentence: 119.363636364 110.228320801 108% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.1818181818 21.698381199 102% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.5454545455 7.06452816374 149% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 4.19205298013 119% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.257494173126 0.272083759551 95% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0938704040529 0.0996497079465 94% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0771077295616 0.0662205650399 116% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.163511310301 0.162205337803 101% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.06263215275 0.0443174109184 141% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.0 13.3589403974 112% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 53.8541721854 91% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.92 12.2367328918 114% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.13 8.42419426049 108% => OK
difficult_words: 68.0 63.6247240618 107% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 90.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.