"The following opinion was provided in a letter to the editor of a national aeronautics magazine:
“Manned space flight is costly and dangerous. Moreover, the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space. Therefore, we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight.""
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The author of this letter has alleged that since unmanned space probes and satellites have seen recent success without the risks attached with manned space flight, we should invest in them. At face value, the author's argument appears reasonable enough. In further inspection however, we will find out that there are certain unwarranted assumptions that he has made. we will need him to clarify those assumptons to grant more credence to his argument.
It is true that we have seen recent successes in the area of unmanned space flight. Thanks to a forever advance in technology. Our author on the other hand has leaped from this to suggesting that we invest in unmanned space flight. He has failed to give us information regarding these successes of unmanned space flights. Perhaps , these successes are from a different country with a different motivation for space flight. They could be venturing into the moon, while we on the other hand are trying to get to mars. It could be the case that unmanned space flights were perfectly suitable to a flight to the moon, but would prove insufficient for a flight to Mars. Unless we know where these recent successes have occured and the context, we will be unable to make informed decisions. If the unmanned space flight would not work with our goals, we would have to put it aside.
The author has also stated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered from unmanned space flight, but he has failed to juxtapose this with how much information we are presently getting from manned space flight. Information that can fill 10 books is a great deal of information, but if we are approached by another prospect that could provide a thousand book of information, it follows that we will be more inclined to the latter instant. The author would have to juxtapose the amounts of information that can be gotten for us to be able to make more judicious decisions.
Costs and risks seem to problem to the author, and rightly so. Costs and risks are an important part of any business. Still, we will need to find out if investing in unmanned space flights would not cost us more. If we will be venturing into unmanned space flights from scratch, some costs will need to be made. These costs might prove to be far more than the benefits making the wisdom of switching to unmanned space flight questionable. The author would have to bolster his argument by providing information regarding how much cost will be needed to begin unmanned space flight, and by how much will unmanned space flight reduces cost. This will enable us to make a more informed decision. We could find more reason to shift to unmanned space flight or to hold on to manned space flight.
All in all, this author has noticed something that can prove quite significant. He has made a reasonable conclusion. However, certain assumptions threaten to undermine his argument. Addresing those assumptions will strenthen his argument. This will grant him more listening ears and his position might just be the catalyst for a major shift in space flight.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-08-04 | DCAD123 | 50 | view |
| 2023-07-30 | BusariMoruf | 55 | view |
| 2023-06-28 | Technoblade | 78 | view |
| 2023-06-14 | shubham1102 | 58 | view |
| 2023-02-10 | Yam Kumar Oli | 60 | view |
- The following opinion was provided in a letter to the editor of a national aeronautics magazine Manned space flight is costly and dangerous Moreover the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal 69
- The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones 70
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 5 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 6 2
No. of Sentences: 28 15
No. of Words: 527 350
No. of Characters: 2486 1500
No. of Different Words: 216 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.791 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.717 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.462 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 167 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 117 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 85 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 51 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 18.821 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.293 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.5 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.321 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.493 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.232 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 210, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...ould invest in them. At face value, the authors argument appears reasonable enough. In ...
^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 367, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: We
...warranted assumptions that he has made. we will need him to clarify those assumpto...
^^
Line 3, column 330, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...esses of unmanned space flights. Perhaps , these successes are from a different co...
^^
Line 3, column 511, Rule ID: TO_NON_BASE[1]
Message: The verb after "to" should be in the base form: 'mar'.
Suggestion: mar
... on the other hand are trying to get to mars. It could be the case that unmanned spa...
^^^^
Line 7, column 553, Rule ID: BEING_BEGIN[2]
Message: Did you mean 'being'?
Suggestion: being
...garding how much cost will be needed to begin unmanned space flight, and by how much ...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, however, if, regarding, so, still, then, while, it is true, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 21.0 19.6327345309 107% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 32.0 12.9520958084 247% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 11.0 11.1786427146 98% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 13.6137724551 95% => OK
Pronoun: 62.0 28.8173652695 215% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 73.0 55.5748502994 131% => OK
Nominalization: 18.0 16.3942115768 110% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2547.0 2260.96107784 113% => OK
No of words: 527.0 441.139720559 119% => OK
Chars per words: 4.8330170778 5.12650576532 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.79129216042 4.56307096286 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.53927412456 2.78398813304 91% => OK
Unique words: 213.0 204.123752495 104% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.404174573055 0.468620217663 86% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 773.1 705.55239521 110% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 19.0 4.96107784431 383% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 5.0 8.76447105788 57% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 5.0 1.67365269461 299% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 29.0 19.7664670659 147% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 22.8473053892 79% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 49.8346373725 57.8364921388 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 87.8275862069 119.503703932 73% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.1724137931 23.324526521 78% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.03448275862 5.70786347227 53% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 14.0 8.20758483034 171% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 6.88822355289 102% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.67664670659 171% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.263803769685 0.218282227539 121% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0854809305843 0.0743258471296 115% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0867698829267 0.0701772020484 124% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.158938740222 0.128457276422 124% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0689134504263 0.0628817314937 110% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.4 14.3799401198 72% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 48.3550499002 128% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 12.197005988 75% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.44 12.5979740519 83% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.14 8.32208582834 86% => OK
difficult_words: 87.0 98.500998004 88% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 12.3882235529 52% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 9.2 11.1389221557 83% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.9071856287 84% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.