In the article provided in the national aeronautics magazine claims that we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight. The author cites based on the assumptions that manned space flight is costly and expensive and the recent success of series of unmanned space missions has demonstrated a great deal of useful information with the costs and risk associated with sendings humans into space. Though, the claim seems ostensible,before concluding we must evaluate certain facts and assumptions.
Firstly, the author mentions the success of series of unmanned space probes, but the author fails to recognize the past record of manned space missions too. He overlooks the mission carried out by missions carried out by Guri Yagarin, Sunita Williams, Neil Armstrong and many more that in the past have gave great results and infact gathering informations which could have not be perhaps found by an unmanned mission.
Secondly, the author fails to understand that certain aspects and phenomenons cannot be studied by a unmanned mission and also the success rate of a planting a rover on any extra terrestrial body is very low. Compared to that, if a manned space mission was is to be done, the astronauts can step on the surface gather relevant information and also collect samples that could help in further research. If the author could explain how this shortcomings can be overcome in a unmanned space mission maybe it could clear certain assumptions.
Thirdly, the author assumes that the manned space missions are more dangerous. But, he overlooks certain factors related to this. If there is a technical glitch in the spacecraft or a space vehicle there is a greater chance for the astronauts manning the spacecraft inside to solve it more effectively. Unmanned space missions are mainly controlled by the techical team sitting in the earth stations. They need to identify the error or the cause of a problem and send a corresponding soltuion as per required. Sometimes, it may take long enough for them to identify the problem or at worse they may find an error but it may be too late for the mission. In the case of manned space missions, the astronaut can quickly find the error and may act acordingly without much delay thus saving the mission from being a failure.
In conclusion, the argument as it now stands is considerably flawed, due to its reliance on certain unstated assumptions. Perhaps, if the author could provide certain annswers and facts particularly in the form of a systematic research we could analyze the viabilty of the claim regarding our investing our resources in unmanned space flights.
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e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 17 15
No. of Words: 435 350
No. of Characters: 2154 1500
No. of Different Words: 221 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.567 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.952 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.637 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 167 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 128 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 81 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 42 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 25.588 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 10.279 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.647 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.342 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.558 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.13 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 436, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , before
...pace. Though, the claim seems ostensible,before concluding we must evaluate certain fac...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 304, Rule ID: GAVE_GIVE[1]
Message: Did you mean 'give'?
Suggestion: give
...ong and many more that in the past have gave great results and infact gathering info...
^^^^
Line 3, column 304, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Use past participle here: 'given'.
Suggestion: given
...ong and many more that in the past have gave great results and infact gathering info...
^^^^
Line 3, column 378, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[2]
Message: Possible agreement error -- use past participle here: 'been'.
Suggestion: been
...ering informations which could have not be perhaps found by an unmanned mission. ...
^^
Line 5, column 100, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
...ts and phenomenons cannot be studied by a unmanned mission and also the success r...
^
Line 5, column 402, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...es that could help in further research. If the author could explain how this short...
^^
Line 5, column 434, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...search. If the author could explain how this shortcomings can be overcome in a unman...
^^^^
Line 5, column 471, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
...ow this shortcomings can be overcome in a unmanned space mission maybe it could c...
^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, if, look, may, regarding, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly, thus, in conclusion, in fact
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 19.6327345309 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 17.0 12.9520958084 131% => OK
Conjunction : 17.0 11.1786427146 152% => OK
Relative clauses : 8.0 13.6137724551 59% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 26.0 28.8173652695 90% => OK
Preposition: 54.0 55.5748502994 97% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 16.3942115768 24% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2205.0 2260.96107784 98% => OK
No of words: 434.0 441.139720559 98% => OK
Chars per words: 5.08064516129 5.12650576532 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.56428161445 4.56307096286 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.76095810083 2.78398813304 99% => OK
Unique words: 223.0 204.123752495 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.513824884793 0.468620217663 110% => OK
syllable_count: 671.4 705.55239521 95% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 4.96107784431 81% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.76447105788 91% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 2.70958083832 185% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.22255489022 95% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 22.8473053892 109% => OK
Sentence length SD: 59.9109489101 57.8364921388 104% => OK
Chars per sentence: 129.705882353 119.503703932 109% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.5294117647 23.324526521 109% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.0 5.70786347227 123% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 8.0 5.25449101796 152% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 6.88822355289 87% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.67664670659 43% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.332428100064 0.218282227539 152% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.105098685148 0.0743258471296 141% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.133748943299 0.0701772020484 191% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.188424007698 0.128457276422 147% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.133759651042 0.0628817314937 213% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.3 14.3799401198 106% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 54.56 48.3550499002 113% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 12.197005988 98% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.48 12.5979740519 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.62 8.32208582834 104% => OK
difficult_words: 103.0 98.500998004 105% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 12.3882235529 113% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 11.1389221557 108% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.