Genetic modification, a process used to change an organism’s genes and hence its characteristics, is now being used to improve trees through genetic modification. It is possible to create trees that produce more fruit, grow faster, or withstand adverse conditions. Planting genetically modified trees on a large scale promises to bring a number of benefits. First, genetically modified trees are designed to be hardier than nature trees; that is, they are more likely to survive than their unmodified counterparts. In Hawaii, for example, a new pest-resistant species of papaya trees has been developed in response to ring spot virus infections that have repeatedly damaged the native papaya tree population. Planting the genetically modified papayas has largely put an end to the ringspot problem. Moreover, genetically modified trees promise to bring a number of economic benefits to those who grow them. Genetically modified trees tend to grow faster, give greater yields of food, fruit, or other products and be hardier. This allows tree farmer to get faster and greater returns on their farming investment and save on pesticides as well. Finally, the use of genetically modified trees can prevent overexploitation of wild trees. Because of the growing demand for firewood and building timber, many forests around the world are being cut down faster than they can be replaced. Introducing genetically modified trees,designed for fast growth and high yield in given geographic conditions,would satisfy the demand for wood in many of those areas and save the endangered native trees, which often include unique or rare species.
The reading passage argues the benefits of genetic modifications. The author believes that it helps to create better versions of trees. However, the speaker raises some serious counterarguments against the reading by providing the following reasons.
First, according to the reading genetically modified trees are sturdier. They can be designed to withstand the difficulties caused by pests. This point is opposed by the professor. She indicates that there may be some advantages but certainly the costs and problems outweigh the benefits. She believes nothing can ensure us the survival of the modified trees. The professor explains this by saying that under harsh circumstances in almost any typical tree, there will be some survivors with more resistance. But, as modified trees are more uniform under circumstances they are not designed for, they would be wiped out.
Second, the author mentions that these trees are economically beneficial. This point is also contradicted by the professor's lecture. She indicates the hidden costs of this industry. For instance, based on law farmers are charged for every tree they plant.
Finally, The reading states that genetically modified trees are environmentally friendly. However, the professor argues that by highlighting the fact that these trees grow aggressively and among natural trees they could potentially become the dominant type in a battle for resources.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-12-02 | change_gc | 85 | view |
| 2019-10-24 | alta | 90 | view |
| 2019-10-24 | alta | 90 | view |
| 2019-10-15 | maryam_torabi | 80 | view |
| 2019-09-27 | farshad_hom | 80 | view |
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, however, if, may, second, so, for instance
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 22.0 30.3222958057 73% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1202.0 1373.03311258 88% => OK
No of words: 216.0 270.72406181 80% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.56481481481 5.08290768461 109% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.83365862548 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.92802023032 2.5805825403 113% => OK
Unique words: 128.0 145.348785872 88% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.592592592593 0.540411800872 110% => OK
syllable_count: 366.3 419.366225166 87% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 13.0 21.2450331126 61% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.1377028018 49.2860985944 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 75.125 110.228320801 68% => OK
Words per sentence: 13.5 21.698381199 62% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.3125 7.06452816374 61% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.160802274172 0.272083759551 59% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.052736288475 0.0996497079465 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0458128785699 0.0662205650399 69% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.095867847361 0.162205337803 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0418671649042 0.0443174109184 94% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.5 13.3589403974 86% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 49.82 53.8541721854 93% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.38 12.2367328918 118% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.59 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 59.0 63.6247240618 93% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 5.0 10.7273730684 47% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 7.2 10.498013245 69% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 81.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.