Hail—pieces of ice that form and fall from clouds instead of snow or rain—has always been a problem for farmers in some areas of the United States. Hail pellets can fall with great force and destroy crops in the field. Over the last few decades, a method of reducing hail, called "cloud seeding," has been tried. In cloud seeding, the chemical silver iodide is sprayed on storm clouds from an airplane. This makes the clouds produce harmless rain or snow instead of hail. Several pieces of evidence suggest that cloud seeding has been effective in protecting crops from hail.
Laboratory experiments
Experiments in the laboratory support the idea that cloud seeding is effective. Hail usually forms water vapor that is close to the freezing point However, when experimenters added silver iodide to cold water vapor in the laboratory, they often observed light snow forming instead of hail pellets.
Evidence from Asia
There is evidence about the effectiveness of cloud seeding from several countries around the world. In some Asian countries, for example, cloud seeding has been successfully used to control precipitation in urban areas. These positive results suggest that cloud seeding should also be effective in protecting fields and farms in the United States.
Local studies
A few local studies also support the value of cloud seeding. One study conducted in a farming region in the central United States, for example, directly monitored crop damage due to hail. The study found that in an area where cloud seeding was used there was reduced hail damage compared to previous years.
The reading is about the effectiveness of cloud seeding. It provides three supporting ideas in order to bolster its position. However, the professor says, the idea is not clearly depicts any feasibility. She refutes each of the passage claim.
First, the article states that in laboratory examination it was observed light snow instead of hail pellets because of the silver iodide treatment. But, the narrator denies this idea. She says, although it was possible to create an environment where the action of silver iodide was proven but in real life the feasibility is questionable because the there is a chance of drought where lack of water can causes the more harm for the crop.
Second, the reading asserts that the proof from Asia was also applicable for the United States. Apart from that, the lecturer refutes this claim. She describes, the feasibility of one thing in Asia may not same for the United States. Moreover, she says, in Asia the urban and polluted environments posed benefits for cloud seeding but that did not ensure the same benefits for the unpolluted areas in the United States.
Third, the written excerpt claims that the regional hail driven damaged provoked the cloud seeding method. The point is quite unconvincing with the narrator. The professor elaborates that the reduction of hail cut the chances of crops in east, north and south. In addition, it downgrade the urge to implement the cloud seeding method.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-03-01 | zaid | 73 | view |
| 2023-03-01 | zaid | 76 | view |
| 2023-01-18 | nikki07hung | 78 | view |
| 2022-09-17 | Ibne Arabi | 76 | view |
| 2022-06-30 | ellen87713 | 90 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 404, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[2]
Message: The verb 'can' requires the base form of the verb: 'cause'
Suggestion: cause
...ance of drought where lack of water can causes the more harm for the crop. Second, ...
^^^^^^
Line 7, column 278, Rule ID: IT_VBZ[1]
Message: Did you mean 'downgrades'?
Suggestion: downgrades
... east, north and south. In addition, it downgrade the urge to implement the cloud seeding...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, if, may, moreover, second, so, third, apart from, in addition
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 17.0 22.412803532 76% => OK
Preposition: 25.0 30.3222958057 82% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1211.0 1373.03311258 88% => OK
No of words: 239.0 270.72406181 88% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.06694560669 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.93187294222 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.5367452408 2.5805825403 98% => OK
Unique words: 135.0 145.348785872 93% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.564853556485 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 371.7 419.366225166 89% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 57.7632716833 49.2860985944 117% => OK
Chars per sentence: 80.7333333333 110.228320801 73% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.9333333333 21.698381199 73% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.86666666667 7.06452816374 83% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.17904936314 0.272083759551 66% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0516689266608 0.0996497079465 52% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.041606609906 0.0662205650399 63% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0933070425118 0.162205337803 58% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0478496746641 0.0443174109184 108% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.4 13.3589403974 78% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 56.25 53.8541721854 104% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.83 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.54 8.42419426049 101% => OK
difficult_words: 63.0 63.6247240618 99% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.