Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the most captivating creatures on Earth. Our long-standing interest in elephants has led to several beliefs about surprising elephant behaviors.
Elephants Are Aware of Approaching Death
One of the popular beliefs is that when elephants become old and weak, they know that they are nearing the end of their lives. They demonstrate this by breaking away from their herds and going off alone to certain locations often found near bodies of water - so called "elephant graveyards" - to die alone. The idea that old elephants seem aware that they will die soon is supported by the discovery of many sites containing bones exclusively of elderly elephants.
Representing Objects through Art
Additionally, elephants seem to have artistic ability. Elephants can be taught to hold a paintbrush in their trunk and use it to paint on a canvas. Some elephants have been known to paint drawings that represent recognizable things: flowers, other elephants, even themselves. This talent makes elephants the only animal other than humans to produce art representing the world around them.
Fear of Mice
Finally, it has long been believed that elephants have a fear of mice. In 77 C.E., the Roman philosopher and scientist Pliny the Elder wrote that elephants are more afraid of mice, small mammals that can do elephants no harm, than of the much more dangerous animals with which elephants normally share an environment, such as lions or tigers. In a recent scientific experiment in which a herd of elephants was confronted with several mice, the elephants backed away from the mice and left the area to avoid them.
The reading and the listening material have an argument on several beliefs about fascinating elephant behaviors. The article lists three facts about the elephants, which are contradicted by the lecture.
First, the writer claims that the elephant knows the time when it is going to die. However, the lecturer points out that it is a false belief. When the elephant gets old, its teeth go down, and it is hard for it to chew food. As a result, the elephant has to wander away from the herd to search for some soft food like vegetation. Because the vegetation is usually near water, the elephant is often seen dead there.
Second, the passage states that the elephant has an artistic ability to produce art that represents the world. Nevertheless, the professor in the lecture disagrees with it because those elephants are trained intentionally to do that. As the ear of the elephant is sensitive, people are able to use some tricks to train the elephant to remember certain patterns to paint. They are not actually aware of what they paint. Instead, they only paint several lines.
Finally, the author argues that there is a long history that elephants are afraid of mice, which is refuted by the speaker. The elephants do not have a fear of mice. In fact, they are fearful of unfamiliar animals. If the mice are common or familiar to them, such as mice in the zoo, they do not mind them at all.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-07-23 | nusybah | 78 | view |
| 2023-03-01 | rodrian | 65 | view |
| 2023-02-25 | reza_fattahi | 83 | view |
| 2022-12-15 | HSNDEK | 78 | view |
| 2022-11-25 | nikki07hung | 80 | view |
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, finally, first, however, if, nevertheless, second, so, as to, in fact, such as, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 21.0 22.412803532 94% => OK
Preposition: 31.0 30.3222958057 102% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1158.0 1373.03311258 84% => OK
No of words: 246.0 270.72406181 91% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.70731707317 5.08290768461 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.96035189615 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.45886241227 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 146.0 145.348785872 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.593495934959 0.540411800872 110% => OK
syllable_count: 362.7 419.366225166 86% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 1.25165562914 399% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 30.4733490119 49.2860985944 62% => OK
Chars per sentence: 72.375 110.228320801 66% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.375 21.698381199 71% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.3125 7.06452816374 89% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.219222797853 0.272083759551 81% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0682799790627 0.0996497079465 69% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0623259327589 0.0662205650399 94% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.119363114425 0.162205337803 74% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0117151722834 0.0443174109184 26% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 8.4 13.3589403974 63% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 64.71 53.8541721854 120% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 9.45 12.2367328918 77% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.59 8.42419426049 90% => OK
difficult_words: 50.0 63.6247240618 79% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.