Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable, especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis.
The reading passage and the lecture hold conflicting ideas about whether a kind of dinosaur called Edmontosaurus was a migratory species or not. While the reading passage seems to have strong arguments for the migration hypothesis, the professor thinks that there are huge flaws in such claim.
First, unlike the reading passage which states that there would not have been any plants available during the long-lasting polar night in the North Slope region, thus forcing these animals to migrate to warmer zones for food, the professor explains that Edmontosaur could stay and feed on the abundant remains of the dead plant because a large amount of vegetation was produced during the summer at whose peak the nature was exposed to the polar day.
Second, the reading passage shows that based on the fossil findings Edmontosaurs lived in herds and probably took advantage of such survival strategy for a better coordinated migration as what modern migrating animals do. However, the professor says that living in herds isn’t necessarily a direct link to migrating because such animal society can also provide extra protection from predators. For example, Roosevelt elks which live together but don’t migrate are a vivid example in the modern day.
Third, although it is said in the reading passage that Edmontosaurs could make it to their final destination because they were able to migrate long distance with quite fast speed as well as amazing endurance, the professor thinks differently. The reason is that juvenile Edmontosaurs were not as physically strong as adult Edmontosaurs. As a result, they would not be able to reach the warmer destination and even would have slowed down the march of the whole herd. The herd had to stay with the young because they could not have survived without the adult dinosaurs.
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- TPO 29 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement To improve the quality of education universities should spend more money on salaries for university professors Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 90
- Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska s North Slope a region that today experiences an extremely cold arctic climate One hundred million years ago when those dinosaurs were alive the environment of the North Slope wa 80
- With the increasing demand for energy sources of oil and gas people should look for sources of oil and gas in remote and untouched places Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages of damaging such areas 89
- TPO 52 Integrated Writing Task Summarize the points made in the lecture being sure to explain how they challenge the specific points made in the reading passage 81
- If people have the opportunity to get a secure job they should take it right away rather than wait for a job that would be more satisfying 90
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 269, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: isn't
...the professor says that living in herds isnt necessarily a direct link to migrating ...
^^^^
Line 5, column 441, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
... Roosevelt elks which live together but dont migrate are a vivid example in the mode...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, if, second, so, third, thus, well, while, for example, kind of, as a result, as well as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 14.0 22.412803532 62% => OK
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1506.0 1373.03311258 110% => OK
No of words: 297.0 270.72406181 110% => OK
Chars per words: 5.07070707071 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.15134772569 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.50846044299 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 170.0 145.348785872 117% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.572390572391 0.540411800872 106% => OK
syllable_count: 470.7 419.366225166 112% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 1.0 8.23620309051 12% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 1.0 13.0662251656 8% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 297.0 21.2450331126 1398% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 0.0 49.2860985944 0% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 1506.0 110.228320801 1366% => Less chars_per_sentence wanted.
Words per sentence: 297.0 21.698381199 1369% => Less words per sentence wanted.
Discourse Markers: 114.0 7.06452816374 1614% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 0.0 4.45695364238 0% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 0.0 4.27373068433 0% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0796931836955 0.272083759551 29% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0796931836955 0.0996497079465 80% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0 0.0662205650399 0% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0490003486785 0.162205337803 30% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.02955231884 0.0443174109184 67% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 150.9 13.3589403974 1130% => Automated_readability_index is high.
flesch_reading_ease: -229.98 53.8541721854 -427% => Flesch_reading_ease is low.
smog_index: 0.0 5.55761589404 0% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 119.1 11.0289183223 1080% => Flesch kincaid grade is high.
coleman_liau_index: 13.61 12.2367328918 111% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 22.09 8.42419426049 262% => Dale chall readability score is high.
difficult_words: 70.0 63.6247240618 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 56.0 10.7273730684 522% => Linsear_write_formula is high.
gunning_fog: 120.8 10.498013245 1151% => Gunning_fog is high.
text_standard: 151.0 11.2008830022 1348% => The average readability is very high. Good job!
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.