The Northern Pacific sea star, which is native to the coasts of Japan, Korea, and China, has recently appeared thousands of kilometers away. Because this sea star now threatens to harm marine ecosystems in new and distant areas, scientists are currently investigating ways of controlling the spread of invasive Northern Pacific sea stars.
Quicklime
One method of reducing Northern Pacific sea star populations is by administering a poison called quicklime. Quicklime in its powdered form can be spread over large areas of the seafloor invaded by the sea stars. While quicklime destroys sea stars, it does not harm commercially important mollusks, such as oysters, scallops, and mussels, which are cultivated on the seafloor in many waters.
Introducing Parasites
A second strategy is to introduce parasites that naturally control the spread of Northern Pacific sea stars in their native habitat. One major reason why Northern Pacific sea star populations are flourishing in distant waters is the absence of natural enemies, such as parasites. In their native environment, male sea stars are infected by parasites that specifically attack their reproductive system. If these parasites became established in distant waters, invasive Northern Pacific sea star populations could be significantly decreased.
Treating Ballast Water
A third measure involves sterilizing ballast water. Ships that have unloaded their cargo take aboard some amount of sea water as a weight and balance stabilizer. This sea water is referred to as ballast water. Sea star larvae (immature sea stars) float freely in the sea and are often taken up in ballast pumps. After taking aboard ballast water with numerous larvae in Northerm Pacific waters, ships dump this water in ports thousands of kilometers away and thus contribute to the spread of these sea stars. If ships treated their ballast water with chemicals before releasing it in a different location, Northern Pacific sea stars could be prevented from spreading to new areas.
The writer puts forward several solutions to prevent the invasive Northern Pacific sea star from spreading more. However, the speaker finds none of them effective and calls them into question through some counterarguments.
First and foremost, The article asserts that poisoning the invasive Northern Pacific sea stars by Quicklime could prevent them from spreading meanwhile does not harming economically vital mollusks. On the other hand, the lecturer points out that the Quicqlime poison affects native stars as well. Moreover, he adds that the Quicqlime poison after killing invasive stars still remains in the area thereafter they will kill native stars after appearing there which are crucially important for maintaining the ecosystem.
Secondly, The reading claims that as the invasive stars are controlled by pesticides in their native areas, exposing them to the pesticide will work, ideally. The professor, conversely, clears out that the reproductive system of the invasive male stars will not be entirely destroyed, thereafter they will be able to fertilize the eggs of females, hence growing their population again. Therefore, powdering pesticides into the water is not effective.
Last but not least, the passage mentions that by treating that ballast water as helps their larva to transform from place to place, they highly are stopped from reaching the new area. In stark contrast, the speaker refers to the fact that there are other objects that Lrava sticks to such as the bottom of the boat. As a result, treating the ballast water is not practical.
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 162, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'harm'
Suggestion: harm
... them from spreading meanwhile does not harming economically vital mollusks. On the oth...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, conversely, first, hence, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, still, therefore, well, while, such as, as a result, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 29.0 30.3222958057 96% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1325.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 247.0 270.72406181 91% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.36437246964 5.08290768461 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.96437052324 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.60599837372 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 144.0 145.348785872 99% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.582995951417 0.540411800872 108% => OK
syllable_count: 395.1 419.366225166 94% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 56.7711077722 49.2860985944 115% => OK
Chars per sentence: 120.454545455 110.228320801 109% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.4545454545 21.698381199 103% => OK
Discourse Markers: 13.2727272727 7.06452816374 188% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.183916725735 0.272083759551 68% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0629179430614 0.0996497079465 63% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0638411765325 0.0662205650399 96% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.102466275418 0.162205337803 63% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0740833413709 0.0443174109184 167% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.0 13.3589403974 112% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 53.8541721854 91% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.1 12.2367328918 115% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.14 8.42419426049 108% => OK
difficult_words: 69.0 63.6247240618 108% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 90 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 162, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[3]
Message: The verb 'does' requires base form of the verb: 'harm'
Suggestion: harm
... them from spreading meanwhile does not harming economically vital mollusks. On the oth...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, conversely, first, hence, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, still, therefore, well, while, such as, as a result, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 29.0 30.3222958057 96% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1325.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 247.0 270.72406181 91% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.36437246964 5.08290768461 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.96437052324 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.60599837372 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 144.0 145.348785872 99% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.582995951417 0.540411800872 108% => OK
syllable_count: 395.1 419.366225166 94% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 56.7711077722 49.2860985944 115% => OK
Chars per sentence: 120.454545455 110.228320801 109% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.4545454545 21.698381199 103% => OK
Discourse Markers: 13.2727272727 7.06452816374 188% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.183916725735 0.272083759551 68% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0629179430614 0.0996497079465 63% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0638411765325 0.0662205650399 96% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.102466275418 0.162205337803 63% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0740833413709 0.0443174109184 167% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.0 13.3589403974 112% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 53.8541721854 91% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.1 12.2367328918 115% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.14 8.42419426049 108% => OK
difficult_words: 69.0 63.6247240618 108% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 90 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.