Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed to Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet. The painting was attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by Rembrandt.
First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear—yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty of such an inconsistency.
Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So, the face should appear partially in shadow—which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.
Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces of wood.
For these reasons the painting was removed from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.
Question: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on specific points made in the reading passage.
Both the reading and lecture discuss whether the portrait of an Elderly woman in a white Bonnet attributed to Rembrandt were sketched by him or not. The former argues that although the painting of elderly woman is quite resembled with Rembrandt painting due to his painting style, there are several suspicious with the painting which shows that that the portrait of elderly women not belongs to Rembrandt, but latter challenges with these points.
First of all, the author of the passage claims that there were faults in the way the woman dressed up in portrait, which was quite fumbled, wearing an affluent fur collar with a white linen cap, and Rembrandt was one who was very meticulous about his subject matter of clothing. However, the professor contends that, after a third reexamination of painting by experts, it was justified that portrait of elderly woman was true. After the fur collar was X-ray and analysis of painting it was verified that fur collar was not part of original painting which was latter colored after century in order to make more valuable and pricier.
Second of all, the author asserts that there was error with light and shadow in the portrait because face has to be illuminated by reflected ray from the below, but it was exactly opposed with the work done by expert Rembrandt. In contrast, the lecture counters that once the fur collar removed then original collar could be seen in the portrait. In the original painting, woman was wearing light color attire which illuminated by reflected ray, as a result the face appeared in partial shadow which is evidence to prove that original was very realistic that we expected.
Finally, the passage claims that the Rembrandt used single wooden panel while painting, but the examination represents that was made up of numerous pieces of wood glued together. Nevertheless, like two justifications before, the professor in her lecture proclaims that this claim is not feasible because as fur collar added to original one, the extra wood glued was also added to increase it's worth. After examination of several wood panel which sketches by Rembrandt, and wooden panel of elderly woman painting it was verified that same tree where used for those all painting which actually belonging to Rembrandt.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 341, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: that
...uspicious with the painting which shows that that the portrait of elderly women not belon...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, finally, first, however, if, nevertheless, second, so, then, third, while, as to, in contrast, as a result, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 24.0 10.4613686534 229% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 7.30242825607 137% => OK
Relative clauses : 24.0 12.0772626932 199% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 22.412803532 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 58.0 30.3222958057 191% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1901.0 1373.03311258 138% => OK
No of words: 378.0 270.72406181 140% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.0291005291 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.40933352052 4.04702891845 109% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.49072212521 2.5805825403 97% => OK
Unique words: 182.0 145.348785872 125% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.481481481481 0.540411800872 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 580.5 419.366225166 138% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 1.25165562914 320% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 5.0 1.51434878587 330% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 34.0 21.2450331126 160% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 52.1143053916 49.2860985944 106% => OK
Chars per sentence: 172.818181818 110.228320801 157% => OK
Words per sentence: 34.3636363636 21.698381199 158% => OK
Discourse Markers: 12.8181818182 7.06452816374 181% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.263481764974 0.272083759551 97% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.120860597405 0.0996497079465 121% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.108117308238 0.0662205650399 163% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.192316955272 0.162205337803 119% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.139400116123 0.0443174109184 315% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 19.4 13.3589403974 145% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 45.43 53.8541721854 84% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 15.4 11.0289183223 140% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.49 12.2367328918 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.62 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 79.0 63.6247240618 124% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 17.0 10.7273730684 158% => OK
gunning_fog: 15.6 10.498013245 149% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.