TPO 31
In this set of materials, the reading passage states that discovering fossil skeleton of a dinosaur called Sinosauropteryx in volcanic ash in Liaoning, China, in 1996, shows some line on the fossils, and some scientists believe that these lines are evidence of feathers, but the passage claims different reasons in oppose of the thesis. On the other hand, the listening section brings into question the reading points by providing different reasons (and examples).
First and foremost, the reading points out that these lines were made by decomposition of skin into fibers in volcanic ash, and then became preserved as lines in the fossil; in contrast, the lecturer opposes this view by mentioning that these lines did not make by decomposition of skin into fibers. Because we do not see the same decomposition in other animals that buried in volcanic ash in the same site. Also, we see skin structure other animals have been beautifully preserved in volcanic ash. Since well-preserved condition skin of other fossils, make it is likely Sinosauropteryx lines are also well-preserved skin, and they possibility become feathers, not fibers.
Furthermore, the reading argues that this line would be frills, not feathers because scientists cannot tell which part of dinosaurs had feathers, but most of the dinosaurs had frills; conversely, what the professor believes is different. She points out that frills and feathers are different in chemical compositions. Feathers have a great deal protein called Beta-keratin. But, frills do not have Beta-keratin. So, some chemical experiments show that fossils have Beta-keratin; indeed, these lines would remain from feathers.
Finally, according to the reading, animals usually use feathers for certain functions such as flying or regulating internal temperature, but the lines of fossils were located at the tail of Sinosauropteryx, so feathers could not be used for flying or regulating body temperature. However, the speaker believes that animals also use feathers for different purpose like attracting a female. Consider peacock for instance. This animal has colorful feathers on tails and used them for attracting female. Furthermore, some analysis shows that feathers of Sinosauropteryx have colorful structure, orange and white. Hence, Sinosauropteryx may use feathers to attract females.
- TPO 55 73
- tpo 30 80
- If there is a way to improve yourself which one among the three choices you would take 1 Take more exercise 2 Eat healthy food 3 Reduce the amount of stress 81
- TPO 49 70
- If you want to recommend a way to reduce living expenses for your friend, which of the following will you choose? Why? ۱٫ Find a roommate to share a room۲٫ Do not buy the latest mobile phone, Buy new technological devices less frequently۳٫ Buy cheap 68
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 301, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Because” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...e by decomposition of skin into fibers. Because we do not see the same decomposition in...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, conversely, finally, first, furthermore, hence, however, if, may, so, then, well, for instance, in contrast, such as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 7.30242825607 178% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2010.0 1373.03311258 146% => OK
No of words: 358.0 270.72406181 132% => OK
Chars per words: 5.61452513966 5.08290768461 110% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.34981470047 4.04702891845 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.04043061839 2.5805825403 118% => OK
Unique words: 183.0 145.348785872 126% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.511173184358 0.540411800872 95% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 616.5 419.366225166 147% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 6.0 1.51434878587 396% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 91.9534634822 49.2860985944 187% => OK
Chars per sentence: 118.235294118 110.228320801 107% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.0588235294 21.698381199 97% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.58823529412 7.06452816374 122% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 4.45695364238 22% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.27373068433 211% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.473234170628 0.272083759551 174% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.130045796431 0.0996497079465 131% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0891052928637 0.0662205650399 135% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.261770058113 0.162205337803 161% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0283816113195 0.0443174109184 64% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.5 13.3589403974 116% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 41.7 53.8541721854 77% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 11.0289183223 115% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 15.26 12.2367328918 125% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.38 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 84.0 63.6247240618 132% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 18.0 10.7273730684 168% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 16.0 11.2008830022 143% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.