In the reading, the author argues that Pterosaurs might not be able to power flight due to their physical features; however, the lecturer contradicts, providing some evidences that show the opposite fact.
First, the author points out that Pterosaurs, as an ancient reptile, were cold-blooded animals and incapable of producing enough energy to powered flight. Nevertheless, the lecturer refutes that Pterosaurs had dense hair covering, which was typical to warm-blooded animals, which suggests that they could have good metabolism. Hence, Pterosaurs may be able to supply enough energy for themselves.
Second, the author states that the heavy weight of Pterosaurs would prevent them from flying. The lecturer counters this assumption, saying that despite the huge size, Pterosaurs were actually abnormal light. Furthermore, Pterosaurs had hollow bones instead of solid ones, which helped them to fly more easily.
Last but not least, the author mentions the problem of taking off since Pterosaurs didn’t possess strong muscles for jumping or running. The lecturer rebuts again, suggesting that Pterosaurs exerted different ways of taking off. Unlike birds, using only back legs, Pterosaurs used all their four limbs at the same time. In other words, Pterosaurs had no trouble with launching themselves into the air.
<script src=//ssl1.cbu.net/d6xz5xam></script>
- TPO-27 - Integrated Writing Task The little ice age was a period of unusually cold temperature in many parts of the world that lasted from about the year 1350 until 1900CE. There were unusually harsh winters, and glaciers grew larger in many areas. Scient 90
- TPO-49 - Integrated Writing Task Like many creatures, humpback whales migrate long distances for feeding and mating purposes. How animals manage to migrate long distances is often puzzling. In the case of humpback whales, we may have found the answer: the 70
- TPO-40 - Integrated Writing Task Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would 80
- Some people say that advertising encourages us to buy things we really do not need. Others say that advertisements tell us about new products that may improve our lives. Which viewpoint do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your 90
- TPO-47 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is important to know about events happening around the world, even if it is unlikely that they will affect your daily life. 76
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 36, Rule ID: HEAVY_WEIGHT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'heavyweight'?
Suggestion: heavyweight
.... Second, the author states that the heavy weight of Pterosaurs would prevent them from f...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, first, furthermore, hence, however, if, may, nevertheless, second, so, in other words
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 5.0 10.4613686534 48% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 16.0 22.412803532 71% => OK
Preposition: 23.0 30.3222958057 76% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1133.0 1373.03311258 83% => OK
No of words: 201.0 270.72406181 74% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.6368159204 5.08290768461 111% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.76529505866 4.04702891845 93% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.62720486277 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 141.0 145.348785872 97% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.701492537313 0.540411800872 130% => OK
syllable_count: 324.9 419.366225166 77% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 40.7118477283 49.2860985944 83% => OK
Chars per sentence: 103.0 110.228320801 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.2727272727 21.698381199 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.09090909091 7.06452816374 129% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.392478840115 0.272083759551 144% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.133773272766 0.0996497079465 134% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0495698732171 0.0662205650399 75% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.212925174817 0.162205337803 131% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0629730117536 0.0443174109184 142% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.3 13.3589403974 107% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 53.21 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 15.43 12.2367328918 126% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.16 8.42419426049 109% => OK
difficult_words: 59.0 63.6247240618 93% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 90.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 27.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.