In this set of materials, the reading passage explores the impossibility of Pterosaurs' capability of powered flight, and the professor's lecture deals with the same topic. However, she casts doubts on these arguments, and in the lecture, she provides three specific points to substantiate her opinion.
To begin with, although the reading passage suggests that Pterosaurs have slow metabolism since they were likely cold-blooded, the professor argues in the lecture that Pterosaurs were warm-blooded animals rather than cold-blooded animals. This is because according to the fossil record, their body were covered with fur-like hairs, which were used for maintaining body temperature in cold weathers. This evidence indicates that they were warm-blooded animals with fast metabolism which generates sufficient energy for flying.
Moreover, despite the statement in the reading that Pterosaurs were too heavy to have the ability to fly, the professor contends that their bones were in fact hollow and light. She supports this point with the fact that the hollow bones allow them to flap wings fast enough to fly in the air. Clearly, professor's argument refutes its counterpart in the reading passage.
Finally, the author of the reading claims that the back leg muscles of Pterosaurs were too weak to be used for launching themselves into the air, whereas the professor asserts that Pterosaurs were different from birds which used two limps to produce energy for running and jumping into the air. Then she explains that this claim is indefensible by pointing out that Pterosaurs actually used four legs to walk instead of two back limps; as a result, using four legs enable them not only run fast enough but also jump high enough off the ground. Accordingly, they did have the ability to fly.
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Discourse Markers used:
['accordingly', 'actually', 'also', 'but', 'finally', 'however', 'if', 'moreover', 'so', 'then', 'whereas', 'in fact', 'as a result', 'to begin with']
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance in Part of Speech:
Nouns: 0.234920634921 0.261695866417 90% => OK
Verbs: 0.177777777778 0.158904122519 112% => OK
Adjectives: 0.0666666666667 0.0723426182421 92% => OK
Adverbs: 0.0634920634921 0.0435111971325 146% => OK
Pronouns: 0.0444444444444 0.0277247811725 160% => OK
Prepositions: 0.136507936508 0.128828473217 106% => OK
Participles: 0.0349206349206 0.0370669169778 94% => OK
Conjunctions: 2.63110733015 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Infinitives: 0.0349206349206 0.0208969081088 167% => OK
Particles: 0.0031746031746 0.00154638098197 205% => OK
Determiners: 0.101587301587 0.128158765124 79% => OK
Modal_auxiliary: 0.0 0.0158828679856 0% => OK
WH_determiners: 0.015873015873 0.0114777025283 138% => OK
Vocabulary words and sentences:
No of characters: 1790.0 1645.83664459 109% => OK
No of words: 287.0 271.125827815 106% => OK
Chars per words: 6.23693379791 6.08160592843 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.11595363751 4.04852973271 102% => OK
words length more than 5 chars: 0.376306620209 0.374372842146 101% => OK
words length more than 6 chars: 0.306620209059 0.287516216867 107% => OK
words length more than 7 chars: 0.202090592334 0.187439937562 108% => OK
words length more than 8 chars: 0.132404181185 0.113142543107 117% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.63110733015 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 161.0 145.348785872 111% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.560975609756 0.539623497131 104% => OK
Word variations: 58.1911902622 53.8517498576 108% => OK
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0529801325 84% => OK
Sentence length: 26.0909090909 21.7502111507 120% => OK
Sentence length SD: 71.5470139601 49.3711431718 145% => OK
Chars per sentence: 162.727272727 132.220823453 123% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.0909090909 21.7502111507 120% => OK
Discourse Markers: 1.27272727273 0.878197800319 145% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 3.39072847682 0% => OK
Readability: 56.7529299968 50.5018328374 112% => OK
Elegance: 1.42222222222 1.90840788429 75% => OK
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.553129407827 0.549887131256 101% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence: 0.128564353957 0.142949733639 90% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence SD: 0.0959231382407 0.0787303798458 122% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence: 0.647093028284 0.631733273073 102% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence SD: 0.154157363201 0.139662658121 110% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.247255963612 0.266732575781 93% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.112101042717 0.103435571967 108% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence: 0.338705222447 0.414875509568 82% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence SD: 0.106622419709 0.0530846634433 201% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.372621168178 0.40443939384 92% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0864365259934 0.0528353158467 164% => OK
Task Achievement:
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.26048565121 70% => OK
Positive topic words: 4.0 3.49668874172 114% => OK
Negative topic words: 3.0 3.62251655629 83% => OK
Neutral topic words: 3.0 3.1766004415 94% => OK
Total topic words: 10.0 10.2958057395 97% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
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Rates: 70 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21 Out of 30
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Note: This is not the final score. The e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.