Transient lunar phenomena (TLP) are relatively brief flashes of light that appear to come from the surface of the Moon. Such flashes of light have been observed for centuries by both amateur and professional astronomers, and several theories have been put forward to explain them.
One theory is that TLP are not genuine lunar phenomena, but only random observational errors caused by defects in the telescopes some observers use. Optical instruments such as telescopes or microscopes are complex pieces of machinery; even small flaws in their design can create artificial optical impressions like flashes or other distortions in the visual field. To an observer, a flash of light caused by an instrument error may sometimes look like a real phenomenon taking place in nature.
A second theory is that meteors striking the Moon cause TLP. Because the Moon has no atmosphere, meteors often reach the lunar surface. In fact, meteors strike the Moon every day. According to the meteor theory, when meteors strike the lunar surface, they explode, creating enough heat energy to appear as a flash of light to observers on Earth. When people observe TLP, they are actually observing flashes of light generated by meteor impacts.
A third theory is that TLP are the result of lunar rocks emitting their own light by a process called thermoluminescence. It is known that the Moon does in fact contain certain rocks that are capable of generating light in this way when they are heated by the Sun. This is strong empirical support that TLP are caused by thermoluminescence.
The article introduces Transient lunar phenomena or TLP, which is brief flashes of light from the moon. The passage proposes three theories about the source of this phenomena. However, the professor renounces all of these theories.
The first theory claims that random observational errors due to defects in telescopes design is the reason for TLP's observation. The professor disputes this theory explaining that if the reports about the occurances of TLPs are random, then the locations of the observed phenomena should be random as well, yet most TLPs happen in two specific locations. Therefore, this phenomena is actually happening and cannot be an error.
The second theory posits that TLPs originate from the heat energy generated by meteors striking moon's surface. The professor states that the flash of light after the impact of a meteorite generally lasts one second, but TLP lasts for about twenty minutes; hence the impact of one meteorite cannot generate TLPs unless during a meteor shower, but no TLPs were reported during meteor showers.
The third theory states that TLPs are the results of thermoluminescence, which is rocks emitting light due to suns heat. The professor refutes this point by saying that thermoluminescence need to be brighter than light reflected from the moon to be visible. Since thermoluminescence light is weaker than the sun reflection on moon TLP cannot be a result of it.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 161, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...oses three theories about the source of this phenomena. However, the professor renou...
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Line 2, column 366, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...n in two specific locations. Therefore, this phenomena is actually happening and can...
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Line 4, column 1, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...s were reported during meteor showers. The third theory states that TLPs are the r...
^^^
Line 4, column 121, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
... rocks emitting light due to suns heat. The professor refutes this point by saying ...
^^^
Line 4, column 258, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Since” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... reflected from the moon to be visible. Since thermoluminescence light is weaker than...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, first, hence, however, if, second, so, then, therefore, third, well
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 12.0 22.412803532 54% => OK
Preposition: 29.0 30.3222958057 96% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1189.0 1373.03311258 87% => OK
No of words: 228.0 270.72406181 84% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.2149122807 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.88582923847 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.88438806706 2.5805825403 112% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.583333333333 0.540411800872 108% => OK
syllable_count: 354.6 419.366225166 85% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 64.515101698 49.2860985944 131% => OK
Chars per sentence: 108.090909091 110.228320801 98% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.7272727273 21.698381199 96% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.45454545455 7.06452816374 106% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 4.19205298013 119% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.209205106428 0.272083759551 77% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0893878046318 0.0996497079465 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0868957340827 0.0662205650399 131% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.137857205627 0.162205337803 85% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.064148652585 0.0443174109184 145% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.5 13.3589403974 101% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.94 12.2367328918 106% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.06 8.42419426049 108% => OK
difficult_words: 64.0 63.6247240618 101% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 10.7273730684 84% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 88.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 26.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.