Young salmon jump
The reading passage explains why young salmon jump out of the water, and several theories are given in support of this statement. Although these points seem reasonable, the professor in the lecture casts doubt on them for the following reasons, inferring that we still can’t figure out why.
To begin with, even though the author suggests that young salmon jump out of the water in an attempt to feed on prey such as flying insects, the lecturer argues that it is a misconception. This is because not all salmon consume flying insects. The lecturer identifies a type of salmon which will jump but won’t capture flying insects. Thereby, the lecturer dismisses this theory.
Second, the author claims that salmon try to escape predators by jumping. Conversely, the lecturer points out that there are various alternatives for salmon to do so. For example, since salmon mostly move in groups, the lecturer proposes that they can scatter away and swim in different directions to avoid predators. Furthermore, the lecturer alleges that salmon will be more visible to birds and bears when they jump out of the water. As a result, the lecturer rules out the predator-avoiding possibility.
Last but not least, the author cites an experiment as proof that salmon are trying to remove sea lice, parasites that pose negative impacts on salmon, by jumping. Nevertheless, the lecturer indicates salmon need to jump 50 times to get rid of one louse which is significant energy consumption. Accordingly, the lecturer states that it won’t be worthwhile and effective for salmon to remove louse by jumping.
Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, but, conversely, furthermore, if, nevertheless, second, so, still, while, for example, such as, as a result, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1342.0 1373.03311258 98% => OK
No of words: 262.0 270.72406181 97% => OK
Chars per words: 5.12213740458 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.02323427807 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.71784939248 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 149.0 145.348785872 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.568702290076 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 403.2 419.366225166 96% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 13.0 8.23620309051 158% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 1.25165562914 320% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 42.2089675161 49.2860985944 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 95.8571428571 110.228320801 87% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.7142857143 21.698381199 86% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.64285714286 7.06452816374 136% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.369751513089 0.272083759551 136% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.134405629725 0.0996497079465 135% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0985317772398 0.0662205650399 149% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.234502087456 0.162205337803 145% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0439748049539 0.0443174109184 99% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.0 13.3589403974 90% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.42 12.2367328918 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.27 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 62.0 63.6247240618 97% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 78.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.5 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, but, conversely, furthermore, if, nevertheless, second, so, still, while, for example, such as, as a result, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1342.0 1373.03311258 98% => OK
No of words: 262.0 270.72406181 97% => OK
Chars per words: 5.12213740458 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.02323427807 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.71784939248 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 149.0 145.348785872 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.568702290076 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 403.2 419.366225166 96% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 13.0 8.23620309051 158% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 1.25165562914 320% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 42.2089675161 49.2860985944 86% => OK
Chars per sentence: 95.8571428571 110.228320801 87% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.7142857143 21.698381199 86% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.64285714286 7.06452816374 136% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.369751513089 0.272083759551 136% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.134405629725 0.0996497079465 135% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0985317772398 0.0662205650399 149% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.234502087456 0.162205337803 145% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0439748049539 0.0443174109184 99% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.0 13.3589403974 90% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.42 12.2367328918 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.27 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 62.0 63.6247240618 97% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 78.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.5 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.