Ethanol fuel made from plants such as corn and sugar cane has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States However many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons First the inc

Essay topics:

Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons.

First, the increased use of ethanol fuel would not help to solve one of the biggest environmental problems caused by gasoline use: global warming. Like gasoline, ethanol releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when it is burned for fuel, and carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas: it helps trap heat in the atmosphere. Thus, ethanol offers no environmental advantage over gasoline.

Second, the production of significant amounts of ethanol would dramatically reduce the amount of plants available for uses other than fuel. For example, much of the corn now grown in the United States is used to feed farm animals such as cows and chickens. It is estimated that if ethanol were used to satisfy just 10 percent of the fuel needs in the United States, more than 60 percent of the corn currently grown in the United States would have to be used to produce ethanol. If most of the corn were used to produce ethanol, a substantial source of food for animals would disappear.

Third, ethanol fuel will never be able to compete with gasoline on price. Although the prices of ethanol and gasoline for the consumer are currently about the same, this is only because of the help—in the form of tax subsidies—given to ethanol producers by the United States government. These tax subsidies have cost the United States government over $11 billion in the past 30 years. If the United States government were to stop helping the producers in this way, the price of ethanol would increase greatly.

Ethanol actually is a good alternative to gasoline. Although you just read three reasons why it's not a good alternative, not one of these three reasons is convincing:

First, the increased use of ethanol fuel will not add to global warming. It's true that when ethanol is burned, it releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. But as you read, ethanol's often made from plants such as corn. Well, the process of growing the plants counteracts this release of carbon dioxide. Let me explain. Every growing plant absorbs carbon dioxide from the air as part of its nutrition. So, growing plants for ethanol production actually removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Second, large-scale production of ethanol doesn't have to reduce the sources of food for animals. That's because we can produce ethanol using cellulose.

Cellulose is the main component of plant cell walls, and you'll find most cellulose in those parts of plants that are not eaten by animals. So, since we can produce ethanol from the plant parts that aren't eaten, the amount of animal feed that's available will not be reduced.

Third, in the future, ethanol will be able to compete with gasoline in terms of price. It's true that government subsidies make ethanol cheaper than it would normally be, but this support won't always be needed. Once enough people start buying ethanol, ethanol producers will increase their production of ethanol. Generally, increased production of a product leads to a drop in its price. So the price of ethanol will go down as more of it becomes available. Studies show that if ethanol production could be three times greater than it is now, the cost of producing a unit of ethanol would drop by forty percent.

Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they oppose the specific points made in the reading passage.

In regard to the issue of using ethanol to replace gasoline as fuel. The reading passage points out three reasons why it is not possible, whereas the lecturer puts forward three compelling arguments and efficaciously contradicts the theories of the writer.

Firstly, according to the author, using ethanol does not help to solve global warming since ethanol also releases carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas. The speaker, however, disclaims the point of view and declares that although ethanol releases carbon dioxide, it is made from plants, and every growing plant absorbs carbon dioxide. Thus, the plants would remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Secondly, the reading holds that producing ethanol would reduce the plants, which are used for feeding animals. Further, it may make lots of the source of food for animals disappear. By contrast, the professor disproves the claim of the reading, demonstrating that it would not decrease the sources of food for animals since people can use cellulose to produce ethanol. Additionally, cellulose is the main component of plant cell walls, and scientists can produce ethanol from the plant parts that are not eaten by animals. Hence, it will not reduce the source of food for animals.

Finally, the article asserts that the price of ethanol will increase greatly without supports from the United States government, and it cannot compete with gasoline on price. On the other hand, the listening maintains an opposite opinion that even the government makes it cheaper, as long as people start to buy ethanol, ethanol will be produced more, and the production maybe three times greater than now. Additionally, the price will go down when ethanol becomes more available, and the price will drop by about forty percent.

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Comments

Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, first, firstly, however, may, second, secondly, so, thus, whereas, in regard to, on the other hand

Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments

Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 5.0 10.4613686534 48% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 11.0 22.412803532 49% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.

Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1276.0 1373.03311258 93% => OK
No of words: 240.0 270.72406181 89% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.31666666667 5.08290768461 105% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.93597934253 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48829202913 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 152.0 145.348785872 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.633333333333 0.540411800872 117% => OK
syllable_count: 385.2 419.366225166 92% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK

A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK

Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 60.2696420436 49.2860985944 122% => OK
Chars per sentence: 116.0 110.228320801 105% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.8181818182 21.698381199 101% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.2727272727 7.06452816374 145% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?

Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.2531641161 0.272083759551 93% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.092720520219 0.0996497079465 93% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0610297090274 0.0662205650399 92% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.132736837524 0.162205337803 82% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0181027185445 0.0443174109184 41% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.

Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.5 13.3589403974 109% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 50.16 53.8541721854 93% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.58 12.2367328918 111% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.42 8.42419426049 112% => OK
difficult_words: 72.0 63.6247240618 113% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 10.7273730684 84% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?

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Rates: 88.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 26.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.