A recently issued twenty-year study on headaches suffered by the residents of Mentia investigated the possible therapeutic effect of consuming salicylates. Salicylates are members of the same chemical family as aspirin, a medicine used to treat headaches. Although many foods are naturally rich in salicylates, food-processing companies also add salicylates to foods as preservatives. The twenty-year study found a correlation between the rise in the commercial use of salicylates and a steady decline in the average number of headaches reported by study participants. At the time when the study concluded, food-processing companies had just discovered that salicylates can also be used as flavor additives for foods, and, as a result, many companies plan to do so. Based on these study results, some health experts predict that residents of Mentia will suffer even fewer headaches in the future.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
While it may be true that increased consumption of Salicylates will result in fewer headaches by residents of Mentia in the future, the author's argument does not make a cogent case for a decline in headaches based on Salicylates intake. It is easy to understand why residents of Mentia would want Salicylates, but this argument is rife with holes and assumptions, and thus, not strong enough to lead to an increased intake of Salicylates.
Citing the twenty-year study, the author reports that there was a correlation between the rise in the commercial use of salicylates and a steady decline in the average number of headaches reported by study participants. It is not clear, however, the scope and validity of the survey. For example, the survey did not state if the respondents were in a controlled environment, that is, away from anything that might have further influenced the decline of their headaches other than their consumption of Salicylates. Also, the previous conditions of the study participants were not clearly stated. It could be that the respondents used, only had very slight or no headaches before the commencement of the study. Hence, only when we know that the study participants were controlled throughout the period of the study and the respondents picked are those with relatively wide ranges of headaches that the prediction will be strengthened.
In line with understanding the scope and validity of the survey, it is as well crucial to know the body, group, or organization that carried out the research, in order to ascertain their reliability. The importance of Knowing how reliable a study group is cannot be overemphasized. Unless the survey is fully representative, valid, and reliable, it can not be used to effectively back the scientist's prediction.
Finally, It is important to know what the possible side effects of consuming a large number of Salicylates will be to the body. It is very likely that as we consume large amounts of Salicylates, and it tends to calm down the headaches, it is, in turn, damaging another organ in the body. The study, however, did not state the possible side effects of Salicylates on the body, and until this is known can the prediction be valid. This will enable the residents of Mentia to make a more rational decision on whether to take in Salicylates to stop headaches and later face a bigger health issue or look for other solutions with lesser side effects.
It is certain that being free from headaches will help reduce the suffering of the residents of Mentia. For this reason, the intake of Salicylates is reasonable. However, the argument does not account for the possible dangers of taking Salicylates in large quantities.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 5 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 4 2
No. of Sentences: 18 15
No. of Words: 450 350
No. of Characters: 2203 1500
No. of Different Words: 203 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.606 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.896 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.881 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 148 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 111 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 85 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 67 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 25 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 10.066 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.611 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.337 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.337 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.119 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 1 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 137, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
... residents of Mentia in the future, the authors argument does not make a cogent case fo...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 390, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'scientists'' or 'scientist's'?
Suggestion: scientists'; scientist's
...can not be used to effectively back the scientists prediction. Finally, It is important t...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 78, Rule ID: LARGE_NUMBER_OF[1]
Message: Specify a number, remove phrase, or simply use 'many' or 'numerous'
Suggestion: many; numerous
... the possible side effects of consuming a large number of Salicylates will be to the body. It is ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 134, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...f Mentia. For this reason, the intake of Salicylates is reasonable. However, the ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, hence, however, if, look, may, so, then, thus, well, while, for example
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 26.0 19.6327345309 132% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 12.9520958084 93% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 11.1786427146 125% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 13.6137724551 81% => OK
Pronoun: 31.0 28.8173652695 108% => OK
Preposition: 65.0 55.5748502994 117% => OK
Nominalization: 13.0 16.3942115768 79% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2259.0 2260.96107784 100% => OK
No of words: 450.0 441.139720559 102% => OK
Chars per words: 5.02 5.12650576532 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.6057793516 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.97358660273 2.78398813304 107% => OK
Unique words: 214.0 204.123752495 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.475555555556 0.468620217663 101% => OK
syllable_count: 726.3 705.55239521 103% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 11.0 4.96107784431 222% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 6.0 1.67365269461 358% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 4.0 4.22255489022 95% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 19.7664670659 91% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 22.8473053892 109% => OK
Sentence length SD: 60.2891182369 57.8364921388 104% => OK
Chars per sentence: 125.5 119.503703932 105% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.0 23.324526521 107% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.05555555556 5.70786347227 89% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 5.25449101796 76% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 8.20758483034 97% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 6.88822355289 102% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.259840161714 0.218282227539 119% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0813476765057 0.0743258471296 109% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0608345806413 0.0701772020484 87% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.147682643489 0.128457276422 115% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0558671460293 0.0628817314937 89% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.7 14.3799401198 102% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 46.1 48.3550499002 95% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 12.197005988 107% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.13 12.5979740519 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.46 8.32208582834 102% => OK
difficult_words: 102.0 98.500998004 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 19.0 12.3882235529 153% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 11.1389221557 108% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.