Environmental impact of electric vehicles
Nowadays, the trend of “greening” modes of transportations has grown rapidly and is expected to be the dominant path in the future. Electric vehicles are the clearest illustration of this trend. However, they are less environmentally friendly than vehicles using internal combustion engines due to the influence of their structure and manufacturing process. This has vital implications with nations developing the electric vehicle structure and fighting for climate change.
In the beginning, electric vehicles affect the environment throughout the manufacturing process. Essentially, the mining, extraction, and refinement of raw materials, which are then transported and produced into separate components, the overall process of developing and producing an automobile is putting together to make a completed product. The final assembly of electric cars, however, creates greater carbon emissions, according to the Union of Scientists.
Firstly, to reduce weight, manufacturers use aluminium for the body of electric vehicles. Aluminium is converted into bauxite ore, and the mining process of these cause serious environmental pollution. For example, in Lam Dong province, bauxite mining has disrupted the geological structure, causing the land surface to be lowered by 4.5 - 9 meters, the basalt layer is replaced by the kaolinite clay layer. In the rainy season, in Doi Chin and Doi Thang Loi mines, there are many places where there are local flooding and intense erosion.
Second, the larger batteries electric vehicles store energy, the higher emissions and environmental protection costs are. Because electric vehicle batteries are made of race earth materials such as lithium, nickel, and cobalt, the input depends mainly on mining. These activities have significant impacts on the environment. According to data from the China Rare Earth Association, an average of 1 ton of race earth releases 75 tons of acid waste and radioactive residues. With such large quantities, even they were treated before being discharged into the environment, they will inevitably leak into the environment. Many reports showed that the exposure levels in the vicinity are very high, not only causing environmental pollution but also affecting the population living.
In addition, the impact on the environment of lithium batteries is significant. If it has not been handled and recycled properly, electric vehicles can pollute the environment with thousands of tons of old batteries. For example, in 2011, a fraction of about 5 per cent of lithium batteries was recycled, 95 per cent incinerated or dumped in landfills. Dumping or burning lithium batteries can leak hazardous substances into the environment, which can even lead to fire or explosion. On the other hand, the number of batteries being recycled is not much because the batteries are tightly welded to facilitate electrical conduction but at the same time prevent recycling. For efficient recycling, these batteries must be disassembled and the waste streams must be segregated in their parts so that the metal components in the battery can continue to be used the second time.
One of the environmental factors that need to be considered for an electric car is the vehicle's electrical power supply. Today, about 20 per cent of the electricity we use comes from burning natural gas and coal, while clean energy plants such as hydroelectricity, solar power, and wind power have not been developed. strong to ensure the supply of the people. Therefore, the development of electric vehicles will increase CO2 emissions by about 4.3 tons for a distance of 200,000 kilometres (Stuff, 2021). Thus, although they do not directly emit CO2 emissions during use, electric vehicles indirectly participate in the emission process through each electric charge.
However, electric cars will have more positive impacts on the environment if they meet some criteria. Firstly, electric car manufacturers need to improve efficiency and ensure the use of low-emission fuel with electric vehicles shortly. At the same time, manufacturing companies should cooperate with companies that collect and recycle old batteries to reduce environmental pollution and ensure the supply of materials for future battery production.
In conclusion, electric vehicles have both beneficial and harmful impacts on the environment. Although the controversy between them, the growth of electric transportations is undeniable and if it follows the right criteria, it could support effectively for nation’s concern about climate change.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-12-18 | HanNguyen | 56 | view |
| 2021-11-25 | ngthuy | 73 | view |
| 2021-11-10 | Thanh _Vy | 56 | view |
| 2021-09-16 | chinguyen.1605 | view | |
| 2021-08-17 | Hai Anh Phan Thi | view |
Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 9, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
Draft 1: Nowadays, the trend of “greening” modes ...
^^^
Line 6, column 858, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...in the battery can continue to be used. the second time. One of the environmental ...
^^^
Line 7, column 318, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Strong
...and wind power have not been developed. strong to ensure the supply of the people. The...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, however, if, second, so, then, therefore, thus, while, for example, in addition, in conclusion, such as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 30.0 13.1623246493 228% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 7.85571142285 165% => OK
Conjunction : 26.0 10.4138276553 250% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 7.0 7.30460921844 96% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 24.0651302605 79% => OK
Preposition: 89.0 41.998997996 212% => Less preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 25.0 8.3376753507 300% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 3874.0 1615.20841683 240% => Less number of characters wanted.
No of words: 693.0 315.596192385 220% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.59018759019 5.12529762239 109% => OK
Fourth root words length: 5.13077900149 4.20363070211 122% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.03427285905 2.80592935109 108% => OK
Unique words: 369.0 176.041082164 210% => Less unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.532467532468 0.561755894193 95% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 1212.3 506.74238477 239% => syllable counts are too long.
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.60771543086 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 5.43587174349 110% => OK
Article: 15.0 2.52805611222 593% => Less articles wanted as sentence beginning.
Subordination: 5.0 2.10420841683 238% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 4.0 0.809619238477 494% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 14.0 4.76152304609 294% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 34.0 16.0721442886 212% => Too many sentences.
Sentence length: 20.0 20.2975951904 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 49.5998521038 49.4020404114 100% => OK
Chars per sentence: 113.941176471 106.682146367 107% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.3823529412 20.7667163134 98% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.38235294118 7.06120827912 62% => OK
Paragraphs: 8.0 4.38176352705 183% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 3.0 5.01903807615 60% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 14.0 8.67935871743 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 3.9879759519 201% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 12.0 3.4128256513 352% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.427631214914 0.244688304435 175% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.116182717742 0.084324248473 138% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.118571305572 0.0667982634062 178% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.211241119798 0.151304729494 140% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0957649283104 0.056905535591 168% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.1 13.0946893788 115% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 42.72 50.2224549098 85% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.44779559118 118% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.3001002004 109% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 15.14 12.4159519038 122% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.46 8.58950901804 110% => OK
difficult_words: 212.0 78.4519038076 270% => Less difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 9.78957915832 92% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.1190380762 99% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 10.7795591182 83% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Maximum five paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 56.1797752809 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.33 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 9, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
Draft 1: Nowadays, the trend of “greening” modes ...
^^^
Line 6, column 858, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...in the battery can continue to be used. the second time. One of the environmental ...
^^^
Line 7, column 318, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Strong
...and wind power have not been developed. strong to ensure the supply of the people. The...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, however, if, second, so, then, therefore, thus, while, for example, in addition, in conclusion, such as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 30.0 13.1623246493 228% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 7.85571142285 165% => OK
Conjunction : 26.0 10.4138276553 250% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 7.0 7.30460921844 96% => OK
Pronoun: 19.0 24.0651302605 79% => OK
Preposition: 89.0 41.998997996 212% => Less preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 25.0 8.3376753507 300% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 3874.0 1615.20841683 240% => Less number of characters wanted.
No of words: 693.0 315.596192385 220% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.59018759019 5.12529762239 109% => OK
Fourth root words length: 5.13077900149 4.20363070211 122% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.03427285905 2.80592935109 108% => OK
Unique words: 369.0 176.041082164 210% => Less unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.532467532468 0.561755894193 95% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 1212.3 506.74238477 239% => syllable counts are too long.
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.60771543086 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 5.43587174349 110% => OK
Article: 15.0 2.52805611222 593% => Less articles wanted as sentence beginning.
Subordination: 5.0 2.10420841683 238% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 4.0 0.809619238477 494% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 14.0 4.76152304609 294% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 34.0 16.0721442886 212% => Too many sentences.
Sentence length: 20.0 20.2975951904 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 49.5998521038 49.4020404114 100% => OK
Chars per sentence: 113.941176471 106.682146367 107% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.3823529412 20.7667163134 98% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.38235294118 7.06120827912 62% => OK
Paragraphs: 8.0 4.38176352705 183% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 3.0 5.01903807615 60% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 14.0 8.67935871743 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 3.9879759519 201% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 12.0 3.4128256513 352% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.427631214914 0.244688304435 175% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.116182717742 0.084324248473 138% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.118571305572 0.0667982634062 178% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.211241119798 0.151304729494 140% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0957649283104 0.056905535591 168% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.1 13.0946893788 115% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 42.72 50.2224549098 85% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.44779559118 118% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.3001002004 109% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 15.14 12.4159519038 122% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.46 8.58950901804 110% => OK
difficult_words: 212.0 78.4519038076 270% => Less difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 9.78957915832 92% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.1190380762 99% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 10.7795591182 83% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Maximum five paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 56.1797752809 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.33 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.