The reading states that dinosaurs are not endotherms and provides three reasons of support. However, the professor explains that statements made in the article do not necessarily prove that dinosaurs are endotherms and refutes each of the author's reasons.
First, the reading claims that only endotherms could be active at polar regions and dinosaur fossils have been found at this regions. Hence, this shows that dinosaurs are endotherms. However, professor refutes this point by saying that polar regions were much warmer during dinosaurs period and this evidence is not at all sufficient to prove that dinosaurs are endotherms. It could be possible that dinosaurs lived there during warmer temperature and when temperature became cold they could have migrated or hibernated like other reptiles.
Second, the reading posits that presence dinosaur of legs underneath the body is a characteristic of endotherms and it helps endotherms in running. But, the professor says that dinosaur legs were not built for running. According to him an another explanation for positioning of legs could be to support large weight of dinosaurs.
Third, the reading says that there is a link between endotherms and Haversian canals. These canals help a living animal to grow quickly and rapid growth is a feature of endotherm. These structures can be found in dinosaur fossils and hence dinosaurs are endotherms. However, the professor opposes this point by saying that in addition to Haversian canels, dinosaurs also have growth rings. These rings are the evidence for stopping of growth or slower growth rate during cooler period. This is not a characteristic of endotherms and endotherms grow rapidly even when environment is cooler.
- TOEFL integrated writing: communal online encyclopedia 81
- TPO-34 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Educating children is a more difficult task today than it was in the past because they spend so much time on cell phone, online games, and social networking Web site.U 70
- TPO-42 - Independent Writing Task Workers are more satisfied when they have many different types of tasks to do during the workday than when they do similar tasks all day long.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 77
- TPO-05 - Integrated Writing Task As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand th 81
- Endotherms are animals such as modern birds and mammals that keep their body temperatures constant. For instance, humans are endotherms and maintain an internal temperature of 37°C, no matter whether the environment is warm or cold. Because dinosaurs wer 71
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 121, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...and dinosaur fossils have been found at this regions. Hence, this shows that dinosau...
^^^^
Line 5, column 237, Rule ID: AN_ANOTHER[1]
Message: One of these determiners is redundant in this context. Choose only one: 'an explanation' or 'another explanation'.
Suggestion: an explanation; another explanation
...not built for running. According to him an another explanation for positioning of legs could be to sup...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, hence, however, second, so, third, in addition
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 19.0 10.4613686534 182% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 7.30242825607 164% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 25.0 22.412803532 112% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1458.0 1373.03311258 106% => OK
No of words: 271.0 270.72406181 100% => OK
Chars per words: 5.38007380074 5.08290768461 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.05734859645 4.04702891845 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.73857425428 2.5805825403 106% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.490774907749 0.540411800872 91% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 440.1 419.366225166 105% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.1660698643 49.2860985944 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 97.2 110.228320801 88% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.0666666667 21.698381199 83% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.26666666667 7.06452816374 60% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 4.33554083885 208% => Less positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 0.0 4.45695364238 0% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.193859034204 0.272083759551 71% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0744080543883 0.0996497079465 75% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0406662325146 0.0662205650399 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.123855311549 0.162205337803 76% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0125712241768 0.0443174109184 28% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.9 13.3589403974 97% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 53.21 53.8541721854 99% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.63 12.2367328918 111% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.79 8.42419426049 92% => OK
difficult_words: 56.0 63.6247240618 88% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 10.7273730684 84% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 71.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.