阅读材料
Scientists are considering the possibility of sending humans to Mars in the coming decades. Although there have been successful manned missions to the Moon in the 1960s and 1970s, Mars is 150 times further away from Earth than the Moon is. Thus the project of sending humans to Mars would require solving an array of problems the Moon missions did not have to face. One problem is that a round-trip to Mars and back is likely to take at least two years. The trip to the Moon lasted only a few days, and it was easy to bring enough supplies of food, water, and oxygen; but the cargo capacity of space vehicles is too limited to put on board the food, water, and oxygen required by a crew for a period of two years. Without those essentials, though, a Mars mission is impossible. A second problem is that astronauts on the Mars mission would be in the zero-gravity environment of space for many months at a time. Spending a long time in the zero-gravity environment has negative effects on the human body, such as decreased muscle mass and lower bone density. Over the course of a two-year mission, the effects would be so severe, they would make it impossible for humans to make the trip without experiencing grave medical problems. Finally, astronauts on a mission to Mars would be exposed to dangerous levels of space radiation, much of which comes in the form of charged particles emitted by the Sun. Earth’s magnetic field, which normally protects us from dangerous solar radiation, would not be able to protect a spaceship traveling in interplanetary space. Constructing a shield that would protect the whole spaceship from space radiation is at present impossible because it would add too much weight to the ship.
A wonderful dream that human being explore to Mars is facing tremendous challenges. The reading passage proposes several major problems that would happen in extremely long-distance space traveling. The lecturer, moreover, suggests three possible solutions to these concerns, respectively.
First of all, the professor argues with the food supplement problem that essential foods, water and oxygen will be running out in a minimum two-year space trip by a new-invented product, Hydropunix. This special food can be well-packed into relatively small size as well as large number in spaceship and, therefore, provide sufficient food and water supplement. In addition, the recyclable resting such as water is able to reuse and the carbon dioxide can be transferred into oxygen.
Secondly, the professor suggests that human can concur zero-gravity environment through regular exercise. A astronomer, serving in International Space Station, has proved this statement by himself. Hence, it is possible for humankind to survive in the extremely low gravity circumstance.
Finally, the professor contends the statement that the radiation in cosmos is quite harmful for spaceman. In fact, the harmful radiation is only occasionally happened, and the astronomers can be protected in the special device.
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| 2019-12-27 | Amirreza97 | 3 | view |
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- TPO 41 90
- The university has provided students who are going to enter university with two summer vacation programmes. Which one do you think is better for students?1)take some college course in advance of some course that is related to students' major2) visit 70
- TPO 41 80
- TPO 18 90
- Scientists are considering the possibility of sending humans to Mars in the coming decades. 3
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 106, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'An' instead of 'A' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: An
...y environment through regular exercise. A astronomer, serving in International Sp...
^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, first, hence, moreover, second, secondly, so, therefore, well, in addition, in fact, such as, as well as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 5.0 12.0772626932 41% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 10.0 22.412803532 45% => OK
Preposition: 21.0 30.3222958057 69% => OK
Nominalization: 11.0 5.01324503311 219% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1103.0 1373.03311258 80% => OK
No of words: 192.0 270.72406181 71% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.74479166667 5.08290768461 113% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.72241943641 4.04702891845 92% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.05781511703 2.5805825403 118% => OK
Unique words: 126.0 145.348785872 87% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.65625 0.540411800872 121% => OK
syllable_count: 339.3 419.366225166 81% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.8 1.55342163355 116% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 33.3843136322 49.2860985944 68% => OK
Chars per sentence: 100.272727273 110.228320801 91% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.4545454545 21.698381199 80% => OK
Discourse Markers: 11.5454545455 7.06452816374 163% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0373669318992 0.272083759551 14% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0170152591339 0.0996497079465 17% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0288928371741 0.0662205650399 44% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0254533977822 0.162205337803 16% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0285407049453 0.0443174109184 64% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.3 13.3589403974 107% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 37.3 53.8541721854 69% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.0289183223 112% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 15.72 12.2367328918 128% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 10.15 8.42419426049 120% => OK
difficult_words: 69.0 63.6247240618 108% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 10.7273730684 79% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.