The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette.
"The population on Balmer Island increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island plans to limit the number of mopeds rented by each of the island's six moped rental companies from 50 per day to 30 per day during the summer season. Last year, the neighboring island of Torseau enforced similar limits on moped rentals and saw a 50 percent reduction in moped accidents. We predict that putting these limits into effect on Balmer Island will result in the same reduction in moped accidents."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
In the argument, the author states that balmer island should limit the number of rentals in order to decrease the moped accidents. To bolster this, the writer cites that island of seaville has significantly reduced the amount of accidents by adopting the same policy. however, the author’s statement is tenuous in several aspects.
The author mentions that mopeds is a popular mean for commute and the population of balmer island increased to 100000 during the summer months. however, one question might be that how can we know the new citizens will also like to use moped as their way of transportation. it is possible that old citizens might have chosen mopeds as their favourite for transportation but their preference is not representative. thus, the increase in population might not affect the number of accident involving mopeds and pedestrians at all, which makes the limitation on rentals during summer feckless. it is also possible that citizens do not usually use mopeds during summer months. Perhaps, they prefer walking during summer times. thus, the limit on number of rentals only during summer month might not effectively reduce the number of accidents.
it is being assert that after the limitation on rentals, the town council of balmer will attain 50 percent annual reduction in moped accidents. one might question that what is the base number of accidents? it is possible that the number of accidents varies a lot from year to year. For example, the number might be 100 and fifty percent of that is 50. however, maybe next year, the number jump to 1000 and half of it will be 500. if this is the case, the limitation on rentals is not working well at all. Furthermore, even the number of rentals is reduced, we cannot exclude the possibility that those who use the mopeds are the ones who constantly ignoring the traffic rules, which means that there still exist a high possibility that accidents will occur. Therefore, a 50 percent reduction in accidents cannot be guaranteed.
What’s more, the author states that the neighbouring island of seaville successfully reduced their frequency of accidents last year by limiting the number of moped rentals. Nevertheless, a question should be considered: are seaville and balmer island comparable to each other? it is possible that, there are no other illegal companies who rent moped in seaville whereas in balmer, since moped is so popular, many mongers rent or sell moped in black market to make some money. it is also possible that for the purpose of increase the moped and pedestrians’ safety, seaville not only reduced the number of moped rentals but also implemented harsh punishment on violation of traffic regulations such as an extremely high fine will be charge if one exceed the speed limit. thus, a more deep and thorough research considering the similarities and differences between these two places should be conduct before making a conclusion.
In sum, the author’s argument is logically flawed and the evidences use to support the argument are also unreliable and unjustifiable on several grounds. To strength the argument, questions about the frequency of moped use in each season, the feasibility of a 50 percent annual reduction in number of accidents also the comparability between balmer and seaville should be more carefully assessed.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 2
No. of Sentences: 14 15
No. of Words: 546 350
No. of Characters: 2717 1500
No. of Different Words: 230 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.834 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.976 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.66 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 216 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 142 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 97 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 61 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 39 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 20.4 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.786 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.405 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.652 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.162 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 269, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
... accidents by adopting the same policy. however, the author's statement is tenuous...
^^^^^^^
Line 11, column 145, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
...sed to 100000 during the summer months. however, one question might be that how can we ...
^^^^^^^
Line 11, column 274, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...e moped as their way of transportation. it is possible that old citizens might hav...
^^
Line 11, column 414, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Thus
...their preference is not representative. thus, the increase in population might not a...
^^^^
Line 11, column 590, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...tion on rentals during summer feckless. it is also possible that citizens do not u...
^^
Line 11, column 722, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Thus
...hey prefer walking during summer times. thus, the limit on number of rentals only du...
^^^^
Line 21, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...the number of accidents. it is being assert that after the limitati...
^^
Line 21, column 145, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: One
...nt annual reduction in moped accidents. one might question that what is the base nu...
^^^
Line 21, column 207, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...t what is the base number of accidents? it is possible that the number of accident...
^^
Line 21, column 353, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
...be 100 and fifty percent of that is 50. however, maybe next year, the number jump to 10...
^^^^^^^
Line 21, column 431, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
...ump to 1000 and half of it will be 500. if this is the case, the limitation on ren...
^^
Line 31, column 283, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...balmer island comparable to each other? it is possible that, there are no other il...
^^
Line 31, column 482, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...ped in black market to make some money. it is also possible that for the purpose o...
^^
Line 31, column 780, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Thus
...e charge if one exceed the speed limit. thus, a more deep and thorough research cons...
^^^^
Line 41, column 74, Rule ID: USE_TO_VERB[1]
Message: Did you mean 'used'?
Suggestion: used
...t is logically flawed and the evidences use to support the argument are also unreli...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, furthermore, however, if, may, nevertheless, so, still, therefore, thus, well, whereas, for example, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 29.0 19.6327345309 148% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 18.0 12.9520958084 139% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 11.1786427146 125% => OK
Relative clauses : 21.0 13.6137724551 154% => OK
Pronoun: 34.0 28.8173652695 118% => OK
Preposition: 69.0 55.5748502994 124% => OK
Nominalization: 21.0 16.3942115768 128% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2851.0 2260.96107784 126% => OK
No of words: 546.0 441.139720559 124% => OK
Chars per words: 5.22161172161 5.12650576532 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.83390555256 4.56307096286 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.81810765154 2.78398813304 101% => OK
Unique words: 245.0 204.123752495 120% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.448717948718 0.468620217663 96% => OK
syllable_count: 872.1 705.55239521 124% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 16.0 8.76447105788 183% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 25.0 19.7664670659 126% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 22.8473053892 92% => OK
Sentence length SD: 63.5830920922 57.8364921388 110% => OK
Chars per sentence: 114.04 119.503703932 95% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.84 23.324526521 94% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.76 5.70786347227 83% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 15.0 5.25449101796 285% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 13.0 6.88822355289 189% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.269605111658 0.218282227539 124% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.086803464112 0.0743258471296 117% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0723289484185 0.0701772020484 103% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.159919563119 0.128457276422 124% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0644395738489 0.0628817314937 102% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.1 14.3799401198 98% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 50.16 48.3550499002 104% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.0 12.5979740519 103% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.15 8.32208582834 98% => OK
difficult_words: 120.0 98.500998004 122% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 12.3882235529 89% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 11.1389221557 93% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.9071856287 92% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.