A recent study of eighteen rhesus monkeys provides clues as to the effects of birth order on an individual's levels of stimulation. The study showed that in stimulating situations (such as an encounter with an unfamiliar monkey), firstborn infant monkeys produce up to twice as much of the hormone cortisol, which primes the body for increased activity levels, as do their younger siblings. Firstborn humans also produce relatively high levels of cortisol in stimulating situations (such as the return of a parent after an absence). The study also found that during pregnancy, first-time mother monkeys had higher levels of cortisol than did those who had had several offspring.
The above argument is based on the fact that, "the species of monkeys show similar trait to that of the human firstborns, therefore they are closest to humans in the evolution.", this is not based on the firm grounds as it does not have a loogical approach.
Firstly, It has been represented in a national medical report that the first time human mother does not have high cortisol levels but the first human born has. On the other hand, in rhesus monkeys the first time mother and the first born have high cortisol levels. Understanding the above situation the the reason to have high cortisol levels in both the new borns is different otherwise the entire process would have been the same.
Secondly, similar rise in the cortisol levels in the first born is represented in the chimpanses and apes but they do not show rise in the levels of cortisol in the mother, so we can conclude that they are close to the human species and rhemus species is far away. Moreover we need to understand that the closeness of species of evolution can not be just based on the outcomeof a single hormone alot of other things have to be noticed.
Thirdly, the humans in many states in USA have shown rised cortisol levels in the younger siblings too, this exception represents the fact the above recommendation is just based on a coincidence.
To conclude, the closeness of this species to the human race is not based on the firm grounds and it does not look at the different aspet of the picture they just foucs on the half of the picture and it results in the inappropriate understanding of the formation of the cortisol in both the species.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 2.0 out of 6
Category: Poor Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 8 15
No. of Words: 291 350
No. of Characters: 1311 1500
No. of Different Words: 119 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.13 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.505 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.461 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 81 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 62 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 39 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 23 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 36.375 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 12.113 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.875 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.494 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.494 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.211 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 1 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 299, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
...vels. Understanding the above situation the the reason to have high cortisol levels in ...
^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 299, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
...vels. Understanding the above situation the the reason to have high cortisol levels in ...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 265, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Moreover,
...species and rhemus species is far away. Moreover we need to understand that the closenes...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, firstly, if, look, moreover, second, secondly, so, therefore, third, thirdly, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 19.6327345309 66% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 12.9520958084 31% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 11.1786427146 63% => OK
Relative clauses : 5.0 13.6137724551 37% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 18.0 28.8173652695 62% => OK
Preposition: 44.0 55.5748502994 79% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 16.3942115768 49% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1350.0 2260.96107784 60% => More number of characters wanted.
No of words: 291.0 441.139720559 66% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.63917525773 5.12650576532 90% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.13022058845 4.56307096286 91% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.61578625168 2.78398813304 94% => OK
Unique words: 122.0 204.123752495 60% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.419243986254 0.468620217663 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 423.9 705.55239521 60% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.76447105788 46% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 2.70958083832 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 8.0 19.7664670659 40% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 36.0 22.8473053892 158% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 62.468867246 57.8364921388 108% => OK
Chars per sentence: 168.75 119.503703932 141% => OK
Words per sentence: 36.375 23.324526521 156% => OK
Discourse Markers: 13.375 5.70786347227 234% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 8.20758483034 12% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 6.88822355289 15% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0557014802002 0.218282227539 26% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0306871920577 0.0743258471296 41% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0273708400784 0.0701772020484 39% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0313036624639 0.128457276422 24% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0221893491124 0.0628817314937 35% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 18.6 14.3799401198 129% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 43.4 48.3550499002 90% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 16.2 12.197005988 133% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.22 12.5979740519 81% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.51 8.32208582834 102% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 98.500998004 58% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 12.3882235529 109% => OK
gunning_fog: 16.4 11.1389221557 147% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.