Agnostids were a group of marine animals that became extinct about 450 million years ago. Agnostid fossils can be found in rocks in many areas around the world. From the fossil remains, we know that agnostids were primitive arthropods-relatives of modern-day insects. However, the fossil information does not allow paleontologists to determine with certainty what agnostids ate or how they behaved. There are several different theories about how agnostids may have lived.
Free-Swimming Predators
First, the agnostids may have been free-swimming predators that hunted smaller animals. It is known that other types of primitive arthropods were strong swimmers and active predators, so it is reasonable that the agnostids may have lived that way as well And while the agnostids were small, sometimes just six millimeters long, there were plenty of smaller organisms in the ancient ocean for them to prey on.
Seafloor Dwellers
Second, they may have dwelled on the seafloor. Again, there are examples of other types of primitive arthropods living this way, so it is possible that agnostids did too. On the seafloor they would have survived by scavenging dead organisms or by grazing on bacteria.
Parasites
Third, there is the possibility that the agnostids were parasites, living on and feeding off larger organisms. One reason that this seems possible is that there are many species of modern-day arthropods that exist as parasites, such as fleas, ticks, and mites. The agnostids might have lived on primitive fish or even on other, larger arthropods.
It is a hard task to determine with certainty what agnostids ate or how they behaved. The lecturer and the reading passage offer three opposing views on how agnostids may have lived. while there are some different theories in the reading passage about how agnostids have lived, the lecturer casts some doubts on all these theories and says that the theories are not feasible and strong enough.
First, the lecturer states that one of the most important factors for predators is vision. they need to follow and chase the smaller animals in order to hunt them. while it is mentioned in the reading passage that, the agnostids may have been free-swimming predators, the lecturer refutes this idea and states that, the agnostids did not have large eyes, their eyes were too small and in some cases they were blind. so the agnostids could not able to chase other animals and hunt them.
Next, the lecturer claims that, seafloor dwellers are usually very slow creatures and they are localized in a special area. however it is stated in the reading passage that the agnostids may have dwelled on the seafloor and would have survived be grazing on bacteria, the lecturer asserts that, the agnostids could have moved very fast in oceans because of agnostids have spreaded a large areas in oceans.
Finally, the lecturer states that parasites usually are not in a large populations. large numbers of parasites may lead the host to be killied. although according to the reading passage it is stated that the agnostids might have lived on primitive fishes or larger arthropads, the lecturer mentions that according to researches, the agnostids had very great population, so due to their huge population it is impossible to consider them as parasites.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-09-05 | YasamanEsml | 86 | view |
| 2023-06-19 | Vivian Chang | 76 | view |
| 2023-02-07 | reza_fattahi | 73 | view |
| 2023-01-30 | reza_fattahi | 86 | view |
| 2023-01-30 | reza_fattahi | 75 | view |
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement In the past it was easier to identify what type of career or job would lead to a secure successful future Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 76
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement Movies and television have more negative effects than positive effects on the way young people behave Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 76
- The bar chart below shows the top ten countries for the production and consumption of electricity in 2014. 73
- Question Imagine that you are in a classroom or a meeting The teacher or the meeting leader says something incorrect In your opinion which of the following is the best thing to do Interrupt and correct the mistake right away Wait until the class or meetin 70
- Alternative energy is any way of creating power for humankind to use other than the burning of fossil fuels which is harmful to the environment Some examples include solar panels which derive usable energy from the Sun s rays and wind turbines which colle 80
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 184, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: While
... views on how agnostids may have lived. while there are some different theories in th...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 92, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: They
...ortant factors for predators is vision. they need to follow and chase the smaller an...
^^^^
Line 3, column 165, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: While
... smaller animals in order to hunt them. while it is mentioned in the reading passage ...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 417, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: So
...mall and in some cases they were blind. so the agnostids could not able to chase o...
^^
Line 5, column 125, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
...d they are localized in a special area. however it is stated in the reading passage tha...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 125, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: however,
...d they are localized in a special area. however it is stated in the reading passage tha...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 72, Rule ID: A_PLURAL[2]
Message: Don't use indefinite articles with plural words. Did you mean 'population'?
Suggestion: population
...at parasites usually are not in a large populations. large numbers of parasites may lead th...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 85, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Large
...usually are not in a large populations. large numbers of parasites may lead the host ...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 145, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Although
...asites may lead the host to be killied. although according to the reading passage it is ...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, first, however, if, may, so, well, while, in some cases
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 16.0 10.4613686534 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 26.0 22.412803532 116% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1458.0 1373.03311258 106% => OK
No of words: 292.0 270.72406181 108% => OK
Chars per words: 4.99315068493 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.13376432452 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48221294859 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 143.0 145.348785872 98% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.489726027397 0.540411800872 91% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 453.6 419.366225166 108% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 87.2690603186 49.2860985944 177% => OK
Chars per sentence: 121.5 110.228320801 110% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.3333333333 21.698381199 112% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.33333333333 7.06452816374 75% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 9.0 4.19205298013 215% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.165692400072 0.272083759551 61% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0636578984367 0.0996497079465 64% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.047285283013 0.0662205650399 71% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.111014080232 0.162205337803 68% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.020648626324 0.0443174109184 47% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.2 13.3589403974 106% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 47.12 53.8541721854 87% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 11.0289183223 115% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.96 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.02 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 59.0 63.6247240618 93% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.