the insecticidal properties of DDT, a whit crystalline compound, were discovered in 1942. during world war II this pesticide was used to control the spread use of typhus and malaria. then in the postwar era it began to be used extensively as an agricultural insecticide. its success in eradicating malaria and controlling other insect-borne diseases dangerous both to humans and crops led it to be labeled a miracle pesticide.
its usage increased and peaked in the early 1960s. in that decade, however, studies began to show that this method of pest control had serious environmental consequences. perhaps most damaging for the reputation of DDT was the wide popularity of Rachel Carsson's book Silent Spring, which exposed the dangers of continued use of this pesticide on bird and animal species and ultimately on human beings. carson's influential expose of the harmful effects of DDT showed that several species of birds were experiencing population declines as a result of ingesting this chemical in their customary diet. research showed that birds of prey such as the bald eagle and peregrine falcon, which are high on the food chain, accumulated excessive amounts of the pesticide in their bodies, and this caused them to lay eggs with thin shells, which would break before hatching. research also showed that the human population was at risk from increased levels of liver and breast cancer caused by exposure to DDT. furthermore, environmentalists pointed out that the toxicity of this substance is not easily degraded and can remain in the environment and food chain for prolonged periods. due to these reasons, and also to the fact that DDT seemed to be losing its effectiveness on the insect populations it was designed to control, many countries banned the use of this product during the early 1960s.
The passage and the lecture are about the use of DDT as pesticide to control insect-borne disease and agriculture, and its environmental implications. The passage introduced findings that implicate some hazardous effects of the use of DDT as pesticide on ecosystem. The lecture, however, declined them and suggests that the use of DDT is not correlated with such phenomenon.
The widespread use of DDT has been claimed has harmed the population of several high food chain birds species such as bald eagle and peregrine falcon. According to the lecture, however, it has been reported that numbers of bald eagle has already been in decline before the period of DDT. Another bird species, brown pelican, were lowest in number before the massive use of DDT. On contrary, the number of bald eagle is reported highest during 1960s, which is the peak use of DDT.
It was previously claimed that some high food chain birds species have accumulated dangerous amount of pesticide inside their bodies. Again, the lecture refused this evidence with a research showing that brown pelican and peregrine falcon have no problem their reproductive system during DDT era. Finally, the lecture suggests that the declining number of several birds species is due to hunting activity.
The passage tells about the exposure of the risk of human cancers to DDT. New researches from the lecture, however, suggest that there are no link between pesticide and human cancers.
The use of DDT as pesticide is also associated with the eggshell weakening. But, the lecture argues that the number of experiments taken is too many and takes place in various locations in the world, including wild area. The lecture then suggests that pesticide does not weaken eggshell, but other factors do, such as oil spill, toxic, water pollutants and others.
In conclusion, the lecture denied all the evidence presented in the passage and suggests that the use of DDT showed no correlation at all with the phenomenon. While the passage mentioned about the losing effectiveness of DDT, the lecture points out that the excessive and uncontrollable use of DDT indeed might decrease its effectiveness. Moreover, the lecture points out the importance of responsible use of DDT and possible reintroduction.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-10-13 | fofty | 73 | view |
| 2018-10-03 | LiLi_Fleur | 3 | view |
| 2018-09-21 | Heisenberg 45 | 81 | view |
| 2016-10-10 | kantanandana | 76 | view |
| 2016-10-10 | kantanandana | 73 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 268, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...e use of DDT as pesticide on ecosystem. The lecture, however, declined them and sug...
^^^
Line 3, column 1, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...ot correlated with such phenomenon. The widespread use of DDT has been claimed ...
^^^
Line 3, column 332, Rule ID: ADJECTIVE_IN_ATTRIBUTE[1]
Message: A more concise phrase may lose no meaning and sound more powerful.
Suggestion: lowest
...other bird species, brown pelican, were lowest in number before the massive use of DDT. On contr...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 438, Rule ID: IN_1990s[1]
Message: The article is probably missing here: 'during the 1960s'.
Suggestion: during the 1960s
...umber of bald eagle is reported highest during 1960s, which is the peak use of DDT. It ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 482, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ng 1960s, which is the peak use of DDT. It was previously claimed that some high...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 143, Rule ID: THERE_RE_MANY[3]
Message: Possible agreement error. Did you mean 'links'?
Suggestion: links
...ure, however, suggest that there are no link between pesticide and human cancers. ...
^^^^
Discourse Markers used:
['also', 'but', 'finally', 'however', 'moreover', 'so', 'then', 'while', 'in conclusion', 'such as']
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance in Part of Speech:
Nouns: 0.293103448276 0.261695866417 112% => OK
Verbs: 0.14039408867 0.158904122519 88% => OK
Adjectives: 0.0886699507389 0.0723426182421 123% => OK
Adverbs: 0.0320197044335 0.0435111971325 74% => OK
Pronouns: 0.0172413793103 0.0277247811725 62% => OK
Prepositions: 0.150246305419 0.128828473217 117% => OK
Participles: 0.0467980295567 0.0370669169778 126% => OK
Conjunctions: 2.75573505015 2.5805825403 107% => OK
Infinitives: 0.00985221674877 0.0208969081088 47% => Some infinitives wanted.
Particles: 0.00492610837438 0.00154638098197 319% => OK
Determiners: 0.115763546798 0.128158765124 90% => OK
Modal_auxiliary: 0.00246305418719 0.0158828679856 16% => OK
WH_determiners: 0.00492610837438 0.0114777025283 43% => OK
Vocabulary words and sentences:
No of characters: 2277.0 1645.83664459 138% => OK
No of words: 366.0 271.125827815 135% => OK
Chars per words: 6.22131147541 6.08160592843 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.37391431897 4.04852973271 108% => OK
words length more than 5 chars: 0.393442622951 0.374372842146 105% => OK
words length more than 6 chars: 0.31693989071 0.287516216867 110% => OK
words length more than 7 chars: 0.20218579235 0.187439937562 108% => OK
words length more than 8 chars: 0.133879781421 0.113142543107 118% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.75573505015 2.5805825403 107% => OK
Unique words: 178.0 145.348785872 122% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.486338797814 0.539623497131 90% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
Word variations: 51.2279963315 53.8517498576 95% => OK
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0529801325 138% => OK
Sentence length: 20.3333333333 21.7502111507 93% => OK
Sentence length SD: 29.735511048 49.3711431718 60% => OK
Chars per sentence: 126.5 132.220823453 96% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.3333333333 21.7502111507 93% => OK
Discourse Markers: 0.555555555556 0.878197800319 63% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 4.09492273731 147% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 3.39072847682 177% => OK
Readability: 52.0273224044 50.5018328374 103% => OK
Elegance: 2.58441558442 1.90840788429 135% => OK
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.430892679411 0.549887131256 78% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence: 0.151614428766 0.142949733639 106% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence SD: 0.0904045000405 0.0787303798458 115% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence: 0.677446204434 0.631733273073 107% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence SD: 0.0935693389564 0.139662658121 67% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.214121757257 0.266732575781 80% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.071009711553 0.103435571967 69% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence: 0.383651027121 0.414875509568 92% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence SD: 0.0866200424357 0.0530846634433 163% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.295594749492 0.40443939384 73% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0526836213925 0.0528353158467 100% => OK
Task Achievement:
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 4.45695364238 224% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.26048565121 94% => OK
Positive topic words: 4.0 3.49668874172 114% => OK
Negative topic words: 10.0 3.62251655629 276% => OK
Neutral topic words: 4.0 3.1766004415 126% => OK
Total topic words: 18.0 10.2958057395 175% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
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Less content wanted. Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Not in a correct format.
The correct pattern:
para 1: introduction
para 2: doubt 1
para 3: doubt 2
para 4: doubt 3
Less contents wanted from the reading passages(25%) but more content wanted from the lecture (75%).
Don't need a conclusion paragraph.
Read sample essays from ETS:
http://www.testbig.com/users/toeflwritingmaster
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: This is not the final score. The e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.