The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette
"On Balmer Island, where mopeds serve as a popular form of transportation, the population increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island should limit the number of mopeds rented by the island's moped rental companies from 50 per day to 25 per day during the summer season. By limiting the number of rentals, the town council will attain the 50 percent annual reduction in moped accidents that was achieved last year on the neighboring island of Seaville, when Seaville's town council enforced similar limits on moped rentals."
In this letter, the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette claims that the council of Balmer Island Gazette should limit the number of mopeds rented by the island's moped rental companies to cut mopeds accidents. To support her argument, she reasons that through this policy, the number of accidents will decrease as less half as now. And she cited result of the similar policy which was enforced by the neighboring Seaville island. Careful scrutiny reveals that her claims have several logical flaws.
To begin with, the editor hastily assumes that the main cause of the increasing number of accidents is due to the enlargement of the population and user of mopeds. There could be possibilities that there are other factors that affect occurring of the accidents. For example, not the increasing number of users, the real factor could be uncarefulness of users such as violating speed limits or the accidents could be occurred by users or drivers of other vehicles like cars, buses, and taxies. If this is true, this argument is not cogent.
Secondly, she unsoundly thinks that the near island has similar conditions whose the Balmer island have. There is no such guarantee, although the policy was effective in Seaville island, that similar policy will work in the Balmer Island. As I mentioned above, the cause of accidents in Seaville Island can be different from Balmer Island or road conditions could be different. Also, although other conditions are almost same with Balmer Islands in that time, the time when the policy was enforced by the council was last year. During the term of one year, the condition could have been changed. If she cannot explain why she thinks the policy in Seaville Island will be also effective in Balmer island, her assumption is improper.
Finally, if we concede other assumptions are true, there is still a crucial problem. She cited the result which was surveyed for 1 year. However, her suggestion is reduced to the summer months. Although the annual number of accidents decreased, in the summertime, the number of accidents could be maintained or even increasing. Until she provides us with specific data about the number of accidents occurred in summer months, we cannot be convinced by this argument.
To summarize, this argument is still dubious as it stands. To make this letter more persuasive, the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette have to explain why she thinks the past conditions of Seaville island are similar to the present conditions of Balmer Island and what is the real factors of accidents. To evaluate better, we must be given specific data which tell the effect of the policy in Seaville Islands during summer months.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.5 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 22 15
No. of Words: 446 350
No. of Characters: 2176 1500
No. of Different Words: 190 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.596 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.879 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.419 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 181 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 106 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 71 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 43 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 20.273 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.343 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.409 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.323 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.521 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.177 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 4, column 15, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...eral logical flaws. To begin with, the editor hastily assumes that the main...
^^
Line 7, column 10, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...s argument is not cogent. Secondly, she unsoundly thinks that the near islan...
^^
Line 7, column 77, Rule ID: WHOSE_DT[5]
Message: Did you mean 'who's'?
Suggestion: who's
... the near island has similar conditions whose the Balmer island have. There is no suc...
^^^^^
Line 10, column 253, Rule ID: SUMMER_TIME[1]
Message: Use simply 'summer'.
Suggestion: summer
...l number of accidents decreased, in the summertime, the number of accidents could be maint...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 305, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
... what is the real factors of accidents. To evaluate better, we must be given speci...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, however, if, second, secondly, so, still, for example, such as, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 28.0 19.6327345309 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 14.0 12.9520958084 108% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 11.1786427146 72% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 13.6137724551 103% => OK
Pronoun: 34.0 28.8173652695 118% => OK
Preposition: 61.0 55.5748502994 110% => OK
Nominalization: 9.0 16.3942115768 55% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2247.0 2260.96107784 99% => OK
No of words: 446.0 441.139720559 101% => OK
Chars per words: 5.03811659193 5.12650576532 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.5955099915 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.50241593334 2.78398813304 90% => OK
Unique words: 194.0 204.123752495 95% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.434977578475 0.468620217663 93% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 689.4 705.55239521 98% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 10.0 4.96107784431 202% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 8.0 2.70958083832 295% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 9.0 4.22255489022 213% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 22.0 19.7664670659 111% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 22.8473053892 88% => OK
Sentence length SD: 54.6423571058 57.8364921388 94% => OK
Chars per sentence: 102.136363636 119.503703932 85% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.2727272727 23.324526521 87% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.18181818182 5.70786347227 73% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 8.20758483034 61% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 6.88822355289 160% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.310960563487 0.218282227539 142% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0943489264317 0.0743258471296 127% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0901377363011 0.0701772020484 128% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.188766192063 0.128457276422 147% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.070278643249 0.0628817314937 112% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.4 14.3799401198 86% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 48.3550499002 123% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 12.197005988 81% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.95 12.5979740519 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.24 8.32208582834 99% => OK
difficult_words: 102.0 98.500998004 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 12.3882235529 73% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 11.1389221557 90% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.9071856287 84% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 58.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.5 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.