hail fall and cloud seeding
The article introduces a method called "cloud seeding" which can be used to prevent hail fall on farms. Cloud seeding consists of spraying a specific chemical substance, silver iodide, from aiplanes on storm clouds, and thus protecting fields and crops from damage caused by hail. The lecturer claims that none of the arguements mentioned in the reading passage are very convincing and she is skeptical of this method being effective after all. Her further demonstrations are as follows.
Firstly, while cloud seeding might prevent hail forming in laboratory experiments, and promote snow forming instead, in real life this method can prevent any kind of precipitation. This includes hail, snow, or rain. As a result, crops would be at risk for a different kind of threat which is drought, shortage of water supply.
Secondly, evidence about usefulness of cloud seeding in Asian countries has been gathered from urban areas, which have polluted air. Pollution particles contribute to the effectiveness of the cloud seeding method. The lecturer is doubtful that the same results will be obtained when using cloud seeding method in unpolluted farming areas of the United States.
Finally, the local study conducted in the central United States does not provide for us strong evidence either. during that particular year there was a decline in hail fall not only in the areas that had been exposed to cloud seeding, but in all the adjacent areas as well. This fact indicates that the reduction in hail may be simply a result of natural environment alterations rather than effectiveness of hail seeding.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-04-26 | Seyed Armin Mirhosseini | 83 | view |
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 113, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: During
... provide for us strong evidence either. during that particular year there was a declin...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, firstly, if, may, second, secondly, thus, well, while, after all, kind of, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 12.0 22.412803532 54% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1360.0 1373.03311258 99% => OK
No of words: 259.0 270.72406181 96% => OK
Chars per words: 5.25096525097 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.01166760082 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.71429395255 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 165.0 145.348785872 114% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.637065637066 0.540411800872 118% => OK
syllable_count: 407.7 419.366225166 97% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.23620309051 49% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 4.0 1.51434878587 264% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 45.5606754551 49.2860985944 92% => OK
Chars per sentence: 104.615384615 110.228320801 95% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.9230769231 21.698381199 92% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.23076923077 7.06452816374 117% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 4.33554083885 185% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.412004766838 0.272083759551 151% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.135495922202 0.0996497079465 136% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.106728353917 0.0662205650399 161% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.237378730142 0.162205337803 146% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0475774894254 0.0443174109184 107% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.3 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.19 53.8541721854 97% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.17 12.2367328918 108% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.21 8.42419426049 109% => OK
difficult_words: 76.0 63.6247240618 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 83.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 7, column 113, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: During
... provide for us strong evidence either. during that particular year there was a declin...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, firstly, if, may, second, secondly, thus, well, while, after all, kind of, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 12.0 22.412803532 54% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1360.0 1373.03311258 99% => OK
No of words: 259.0 270.72406181 96% => OK
Chars per words: 5.25096525097 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.01166760082 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.71429395255 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 165.0 145.348785872 114% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.637065637066 0.540411800872 118% => OK
syllable_count: 407.7 419.366225166 97% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.23620309051 49% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 4.0 1.51434878587 264% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 45.5606754551 49.2860985944 92% => OK
Chars per sentence: 104.615384615 110.228320801 95% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.9230769231 21.698381199 92% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.23076923077 7.06452816374 117% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 4.33554083885 185% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.412004766838 0.272083759551 151% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.135495922202 0.0996497079465 136% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.106728353917 0.0662205650399 161% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.237378730142 0.162205337803 146% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0475774894254 0.0443174109184 107% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.3 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.19 53.8541721854 97% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.17 12.2367328918 108% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.21 8.42419426049 109% => OK
difficult_words: 76.0 63.6247240618 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 83.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.