Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable, especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis. First, the edmontosaur's diet supports the migration hypothesis. Edmontosaurs fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food. Second, many edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration. The finding that edmonotsaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis. Finally, edmonosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which is certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winters
Essay topics in audio:
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The passage and lecture both are about dinosaurs ability to survive during the wintertime. in the time (millions of years before) the weather conditions were extremely harsh. The author of the passage believes that dinosaurs were migrating to warmer regions. in contrary, the lecture casts doubts on the claims made in the article. she completely refuted the idea of migration by presenting three factors.
First of all, the author points out that, Edmontosaurs needs to leave their area looking plants and green places since the edmontosaurs depend totally on green plants as food. the point is challenged by the lecturer. she claims that the availability of the plants it is not a reason for migrating as the Edomontosaurs could eat died plants
secondly, the author contends that skeletons have been found in the immigrated area confirming that Edomontosaurs lived and migrate together. the lecturer rebuts this argument. she suggests that animals who living as a herd, they could stay in one place with to move or migrate. For animals, being in a group is a way to protect itself and stay safe.
Finally, the author states that physical features are helping the Edomontosaurs to migrate easily, as they can run and move fast and for long distance. The lecturer, on the other hand, elaborates that migration for the young animals is tough and they are not capable to survive alone.
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- Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slo 3
- Glass is a favored building material for modern architecture, yet it is also very dangerous for wild birds. Because they often cannot distinguish between glass and open air, millions of birds are harmed every year when they try to fly through glass window 73
- Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Sl 3
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 92, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: In
...ility to survive during the wintertime. in the time millions of years before the w...
^^
Line 1, column 258, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: In
...saurs were migrating to warmer regions. in contrary, the lecture casts doubts on t...
^^
Line 1, column 331, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...ubts on the claims made in the article. she completely refuted the idea of migratio...
^^^
Line 3, column 177, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...depend totally on green plants as food. the point is challenged by the lecturer. sh...
^^^
Line 3, column 218, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...he point is challenged by the lecturer. she claims that the availability of the pla...
^^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Secondly
... Edomontosaurs could eat died plants secondly, the author contends that skeletons hav...
^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 143, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...omontosaurs lived and migrate together. the lecturer rebuts this argument. she sugg...
^^^
Line 5, column 178, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: She
...her. the lecturer rebuts this argument. she suggests that animals who living as a h...
^^^
Line 8, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...they are not capable to survive alone.
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, look, second, secondly, so, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 18.0 22.412803532 80% => OK
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1164.0 1373.03311258 85% => OK
No of words: 230.0 270.72406181 85% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.06086956522 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.89432290496 4.04702891845 96% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.63916982995 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.578260869565 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 359.1 419.366225166 86% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 60.6522730395 49.2860985944 123% => OK
Chars per sentence: 89.5384615385 110.228320801 81% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.6923076923 21.698381199 82% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.15384615385 7.06452816374 87% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 9.0 4.19205298013 215% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0665332930745 0.272083759551 24% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0260343294935 0.0996497079465 26% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0413781994655 0.0662205650399 62% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0390083235959 0.162205337803 24% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0479305731908 0.0443174109184 108% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.2 13.3589403974 84% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 54.22 53.8541721854 101% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.77 12.2367328918 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.32 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 56.0 63.6247240618 88% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.