Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible. First, atmospheric pressure at Venus' surface is at least 90 times greater than the pressure at Earth’s surface. This means that a force of 100 kilograms is pressing down on every square centimeter of surface. All spacecraft that have landed on Venus have been crushed by this extreme pressure within an hour of landing. Almost anything humans might land on Venus would be crushed as well. Second, as far as we know, there are no reservoirs of water on Venus’ surface, and the planet’s atmosphere, made up mostly of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfuric acid, contains hardly any oxygen or water vapor. Water and oxygen would therefore probably have to be supplied to Venus from Earth. The idea of ensuring a regular supply of water and oxygen from Earth is impractical in the extreme and would probably defeat the purpose of establishing a permanent station on Venus. Third, very little sunlight reaches the planet’s surface. About 60 percent of the sunlight that hits Venus is reflected back into space by the thick clouds that fill the atmosphere, which means that only 40 percent of the sunlight can get through the clouds. Below these clouds is a dense layer of carbon dioxide, which blocks even more light, so very little light reaches the surface. The lack of light would prevent the use of solar power cells, so humans could not get electricity to power their machines and equipment.
both the author and the lecturer discuss possibility of permanent human presence in venus. The passage claims that venus is inhospitable place, so maintaining a human presence there would be impossible. The professor, on the other hand, completely rejects whatever mentioned on the reading through citing three reasons.
First, both the author and the professor talk about venus's pressure. According to the passage pressure at venus' surface is a least 90 time greater that the pressure at earth's surface. therefore, all spacecraft that have landed on venus have been crushed by this extreme pressure within an hour of landing. The lecturer, nevertheless, rejects the author's view and illustrates the idea that in 50 kilometers above the venus's surface, pressure is equal to those of earth's. therefore, if the station is constructed above the surface, spacecraft are not crushed at all.
Second of all, both the reading and the lecture discuss presence of oxygen and water on venus. The author argues that venus's atmosphere does not contain any oxygen and water vapor, while it includes mostly carbon dioxide, sulfuric acid, and nitrogen to name but a few. therefore, oxygen and water would probably have to be supplied to venus from earth. However, the professor refutes this, saying that it does not need to import oxygen and water from earth because venus have a lot of compounds such as carbon dioxide or sulfur acid which can produce oxygen and water through chemical process.
Eventually, the passage and the lecture address the subject of the amount of sunlight. The passage goes on to mention that only 40 percent of the sunlight can get through venus's clouds and 60 percent of the sunlight is reflected into space by the thick clouds. therefore, human beings cannot get electricity for their consumption. In contrast, the professor points out that there is no thick cloud in 50 kilometers above venus's surface, so sunlight can reach to the venus's surface. In addition, human beings can use both reflected and direct sunlight to power their machine and equipment.
- TPO 26the zebra mussel 68
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the past, young people depended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today young people are better able to make decisions about their own lives. Use specific reasons and examples t 83
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The rules that societies today expect young people to follow and obey are too strict. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 76
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Movies and television have more negative effects than positive effects on the way young people behave. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 80
- Workers are more satisfied when they have many different types of tasks to do during the workday than when they do similar tasks all day long. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 76
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Both
both the author and the lecturer discuss pos...
^^^^
Line 5, column 124, Rule ID: THE_SUPERLATIVE[1]
Message: Use 'the' with the superlative.
Suggestion: the
...he passage pressure at venus surface is a least 90 time greater that the pressure...
^
Line 5, column 185, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Therefore
...er that the pressure at earths surface. therefore, all spacecraft that have landed on ven...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 471, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Therefore
..., pressure is equal to those of earths. therefore, if the station is constructed above th...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 270, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Therefore
...c acid, and nitrogen to name but a few. therefore, oxygen and water would probably have t...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 262, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Therefore
...flected into space by the thick clouds. therefore, human beings cannot get electricity fo...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, if, nevertheless, second, so, therefore, while, in addition, in contrast, such as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 16.0 7.30242825607 219% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 15.0 22.412803532 67% => OK
Preposition: 46.0 30.3222958057 152% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1747.0 1373.03311258 127% => OK
No of words: 339.0 270.72406181 125% => OK
Chars per words: 5.15339233038 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.29091512845 4.04702891845 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.56168153805 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 175.0 145.348785872 120% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.516224188791 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 533.7 419.366225166 127% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 44.1733765659 49.2860985944 90% => OK
Chars per sentence: 102.764705882 110.228320801 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.9411764706 21.698381199 92% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.11764705882 7.06452816374 101% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.27373068433 211% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.215421528445 0.272083759551 79% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.082984104411 0.0996497079465 83% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.125687002366 0.0662205650399 190% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.161725551611 0.162205337803 100% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.170897758964 0.0443174109184 386% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.8 13.3589403974 96% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.19 53.8541721854 97% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.59 12.2367328918 103% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.03 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 74.0 63.6247240618 116% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 65.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 19.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.