Sinosauropteryx feathers
The reading passage and the lecture are both about a pattern of fine lines surrounding the fossilized skeleton of Sinosauropteryx. The writer disagrees with the idea that these lines represent feathers and gives several reasons to support this statement. As reasonable as these points seem, the professor in the lecture casts doubt on them, indicating that Sinosauropteryx was a feathered dinosaur.
To begin with, the author states that it was skin fibers that constituted these line structures after this dinosaur died. Nevertheless, disputing the passage’s argument, the lecturer cites other animals’ well-preserved fossils of skin structures showing that Sinosauropteryx’s lines probably were functional structures as well. Therefore, the lecturer claims that these lines weren’t composed of decompositions of skins.
Second, the lecturer acutely identifies a weakness in the article that these lines were fossilized remains of frills rather than feathers. She details that frills were chemically different from feathers. Feathers embodied a special protein which was also examined in Sinosauropteryx’s lines. Accordingly, the lecturer rules out the possibility that these lines were frills.
Last but not least, even though the author illustrates that the lines were mostly situated along the backbone and tail of Sinosauropteryx, implying that the lines were unlikely to be harnessed to fly as feathers, the lecturer argues that it is a misconception. This is because feathers can serve other functions. With a view to establishing a more solid and concrete explanation, the lecturer cites peacocks as an example. Peacocks display their feathers to attract a mate. Furthermore, she points out that recent analyses show that these line structures were colorful. As a result, she strongly believes that the fossilized lines were feathers of this dinosaur.
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, also, but, furthermore, if, nevertheless, second, so, therefore, well, as a result, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 16.0 12.0772626932 132% => OK
Pronoun: 33.0 22.412803532 147% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1600.0 1373.03311258 117% => OK
No of words: 279.0 270.72406181 103% => OK
Chars per words: 5.73476702509 5.08290768461 113% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.08696624509 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.22706466899 2.5805825403 125% => OK
Unique words: 156.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.559139784946 0.540411800872 103% => OK
syllable_count: 488.7 419.366225166 117% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.8 1.55342163355 116% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 53.6373456069 49.2860985944 109% => OK
Chars per sentence: 100.0 110.228320801 91% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.4375 21.698381199 80% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.875 7.06452816374 97% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.231220030557 0.272083759551 85% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0924892708665 0.0996497079465 93% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.102631262962 0.0662205650399 155% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.167819762004 0.162205337803 103% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0874316537405 0.0443174109184 197% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.3 13.3589403974 107% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 37.3 53.8541721854 69% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.0289183223 112% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 15.66 12.2367328918 128% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.46 8.42419426049 112% => OK
difficult_words: 88.0 63.6247240618 138% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 12.0 10.7273730684 112% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.