The reading and the lecture are both discussing the cases of sea otter decline in Alaska. The author of the reading believes that they have declined because of pollution. The lecture casts doubt on the claims made in the article. He says that reason of sea otters decline is predation.
First of all, the author points out that water samples contained a lot of chemicals that could be cause sea otters death. This point is challenged by the lecturer. He says that if water contamination was the reason for their death we would found dead otters. But we did not, because predators attacked the otters and eat them ride away.
Secondly, the author contends that pollution usually affects the entire ecosystem this is why not only otters but also other sea mammals in Alaska such as seals and sea lions were declining. The lecturer rebuts this argument. He says that some spices have just disappeared from that area, not because of the pollution. He also adds that orcas are probably the predators that cause the otters decline.
Finally, the author states that because of the uneven environmental contamination sea otters declined differently among Alaska. The lecturer, on the other hand, posits that the decline has an uneven pattern because orcas cannot access rocky locations, so the sea otters population in that area did not change. Meanwhile in other open areas where orcas can swim otter declined significantly.
- TOEFL T P O 43 Integrated Writing Task 78
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 172, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...hey have declined because of pollution. The lecture casts doubt on the claims made ...
^^^
Line 3, column 96, Rule ID: BE_CAUSE[1]
Message: Did you mean 'because'?
Suggestion: because
...contained a lot of chemicals that could be cause sea otters death. This point is challen...
^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 109, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'otters'' or 'otter's'?
Suggestion: otters'; otter's
...ot of chemicals that could be cause sea otters death. This point is challenged by the ...
^^^^^^
Line 7, column 264, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'otters'' or 'otter's'?
Suggestion: otters'; otter's
...nnot access rocky locations, so the sea otters population in that area did not change....
^^^^^^
Line 7, column 311, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Meanwhile,
...population in that area did not change. Meanwhile in other open areas where orcas can swi...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, if, second, secondly, so, while, such as, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 25.0 22.412803532 112% => OK
Preposition: 19.0 30.3222958057 63% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1192.0 1373.03311258 87% => OK
No of words: 237.0 270.72406181 88% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.02953586498 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.92362132708 4.04702891845 97% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48267690099 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 133.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.561181434599 0.540411800872 104% => OK
syllable_count: 371.7 419.366225166 89% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 43.7426819276 49.2860985944 89% => OK
Chars per sentence: 79.4666666667 110.228320801 72% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.8 21.698381199 73% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.66666666667 7.06452816374 94% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 4.19205298013 119% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.40430322251 0.272083759551 149% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.12915861147 0.0996497079465 130% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0939539664317 0.0662205650399 142% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.246551231374 0.162205337803 152% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0751672977817 0.0443174109184 170% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.2 13.3589403974 76% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 56.25 53.8541721854 104% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.6 12.2367328918 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.11 8.42419426049 96% => OK
difficult_words: 56.0 63.6247240618 88% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 5.5 10.7273730684 51% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.