TPO-47
Pterosaurs were not able to fly, is the topic of both the reading and the writing. The author claims that pterosaurs didn't have the ability to powered flight and provided three theory to prove it. The lecturer, however, casts doubt on the reading and states that pterosaurs were capable of powered flight, and refutes all arguments made in the reading.
First of all, the reading claims that as pterosaurs were cold blood animal and had a slow metabolism, they were not capable of making enough power which was needed to powered flight. The reading, on the other hand, refutes this point. He says that from fossilized pterosaurs indicates that they had a dense cover on their body, and which is very common on warm blood animals. As they had warm blood, they generated sufficient power which enabled them to fly.
Secondly, the author avers that since pterosaurs had a heavy body, they were not able to flap their wings for making a flight. However, in the audio, the professor states that even though they had a big body, their boons were very light. He also mentions that as wings weight were very small relative to their body, they indeed would have been able to flap their wings.
Finally, the reading states that they had landing problems because of their big body. The professor opposes this point. He says that pterosaurs, unlike birds, had four limbs and could be able to land using this four legs without having any problems. He also repeats that during their landing time, they could balance their body by using those four limbs.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 118, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: didn't
...ting. The author claims that pterosaurs didnt have the ability to powered flight and ...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, first, however, second, secondly, so, first of all, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 38.0 22.412803532 170% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 25.0 30.3222958057 82% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1282.0 1373.03311258 93% => OK
No of words: 267.0 270.72406181 99% => OK
Chars per words: 4.80149812734 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.04229324003 4.04702891845 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.10863751559 2.5805825403 82% => OK
Unique words: 134.0 145.348785872 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.501872659176 0.540411800872 93% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 375.3 419.366225166 89% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 10.0 3.25607064018 307% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 38.5397356567 49.2860985944 78% => OK
Chars per sentence: 91.5714285714 110.228320801 83% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.0714285714 21.698381199 88% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.0 7.06452816374 85% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.401888358537 0.272083759551 148% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.147144906584 0.0996497079465 148% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0993060968952 0.0662205650399 150% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.255261698926 0.162205337803 157% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0877685117049 0.0443174109184 198% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.7 13.3589403974 80% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 69.11 53.8541721854 128% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.3 11.0289183223 75% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.56 12.2367328918 86% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.18 8.42419426049 85% => OK
difficult_words: 44.0 63.6247240618 69% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.