Both the passage and the lecture are about the capabilities of pterosaurs to fly. The author of the reading claims that pterosaurs were not able to fly using their wings as a power source, and they just probably were able to glide. The lecturer, in the other hand, challenges this assertion showing several characteristics that support her claims to state that pterosaurs could fly by flapping their wings.
To begin with, the text argues that pterosaurs were probably cold-blooded animals and, hence, their metabolism was too slow to develop the energy needed to fly by flapping their wings. The lecturer objects this assumption. In this regard, she points out that some analysis of pterosaurs´ skin showed that they probably had fluffy hair, which implies that they were warm-blood animals with a quick metabolism, and therefore, pterosaurs could be able to flap wings to fly.
Secondly, the passage states that pterosaurs were not able to fly due to their weight. The author asserts that these animals were too big and heavy and their wings were not able to flap fast enough. Due to the fact that pterosaurs had hallow bones, which ultimately leads to an inferior weight, the lecturer opposes the reading argumentation proclaiming that pterosaurs were lighter than people can imagine.
Finally, the reading proclaims that the structure of these animals disabled the posibility of taking off. It is mentioning that taking off with just two legs, like birds do, requires a huge amount of power. According to the reading, evidences show that pterosaurs´ legs were not strong enough. The lecturer cast doubt on these claims, asserting that pterosaurs had four limbs that they could use to speed up enough to take off and improve the performance.
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, hence, second, secondly, so, therefore, as to, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 18.0 12.0772626932 149% => OK
Pronoun: 35.0 22.412803532 156% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1477.0 1373.03311258 108% => OK
No of words: 287.0 270.72406181 106% => OK
Chars per words: 5.14634146341 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.11595363751 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.69524301006 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 153.0 145.348785872 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.533101045296 0.540411800872 99% => OK
syllable_count: 435.6 419.366225166 104% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 57.746333678 49.2860985944 117% => OK
Chars per sentence: 113.615384615 110.228320801 103% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.0769230769 21.698381199 102% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.30769230769 7.06452816374 75% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.41954749226 0.272083759551 154% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.161806477099 0.0996497079465 162% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.096888919478 0.0662205650399 146% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.278186671479 0.162205337803 172% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0490247381108 0.0443174109184 111% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.9 13.3589403974 104% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 57.61 53.8541721854 107% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.59 12.2367328918 103% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.92 8.42419426049 94% => OK
difficult_words: 58.0 63.6247240618 91% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 85.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.