Underwater, whales produce loud noises: known as songs. Scientists use whale songs to study the movements for migrations, of groups of whales. Recently, scientists discovered something unusual: a single, solitary whale whose song is unlike that of all other known whales. The most notable difference between this unusual whale's song and those of other whales is its high pitch or frequency This unique whale is called the 52-hertz whale because it sings at the unusual frequency of 52 hertz, a much higher pitch than normal. When the 52-hertz whale was first detected, the cause of its uniquely high-pitched song was unknown; however, scientists now have several theories to explain it.
One theory holds that the 52-hertz whale may be a hybrid: the offspring of two different whale species Whales of different species are known to interbreed and produce hybrid offspring that combine characteristics from each of their parents' species. As a hybrid, the whale may have a unique song, different from that of either of its parents because it resulted from a combi nation of the two
A second theory is that the 52-hertz whale may have a damaged sense of hearing Just as people learn to speak by copying the sounds they hear, whales may learn to sing by listening to the sounds of other whales* songs. When people are born deaf, their speech may sound different from that of people born hearing. Similarly, the 52-hertz whale’s songs may sound different simply because it cannot hear the songs of other whales.
A third theory holds that the 52-hertz whale may be the only known member of a rare species Perhaps there were once many more whales of this species, but most are now gone. It seems to be entirely unique only because most of its species has died out.
The reading passage and the lecture both discuss the abnormal songs of whales, naming 52-hertz whales. In the reading part, the author mentions that there are several hypotheses which are tried to explain the possible reasons for this unusual song. however, in the listening part, the lecturer challenges what the author states and rebuts the reasons, citing that scientists are flawed to explain it, and it has remained a mystery until now.
To begin with, as mentioned in the article, the author sets forth that the sounds exist because two different species of whales produce the offsprings, combined with two gens. Nevertheless, the speaker refutes the reason asserting that similar hybrids, which are produced because of the mating of two different whales, have their parents’ pattern of migration. however, it was not proved for 52-hertz whales since they have unusual patterns of migration rather than other whale species. Indeed, they migrate alone.
Secondly, the author points out that they might be deaf as humans that when they are born deaf, they cannot produce sounds similar to other humans. Nonetheless, the speaker flatly contradicts the idea and contends that these kinds of whales have high pitch, and its signs are indicated on their physical structure of ears too. they have vocal apparatus like humans, which is not shown any damage. Hence, there is no connection between the deaf and the production of the sounds.
Finally, the author claims that they have not been rare in the past, and they are maybe a new species, which is near to extinction. In contrast, the professor is of the opinion that scientists have listened to those unusual sounds over many decades, and if there were parents for these species, scientists would have noticed it. Actually, they have not been around before, since it is shown recently.
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| 2022-10-08 | _sta | 81 | view |
| 2022-10-08 | rassata | 68 | view |
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| 2021-11-22 | JoeyRussell07 | 73 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 250, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
...possible reasons for this unusual song. however, in the listening part, the lecturer ch...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 362, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: However
...ve their parents’ pattern of migration. however, it was not proved for 52-hertz whales ...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 329, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: They
... their physical structure of ears too. they have vocal apparatus like humans, which...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, finally, hence, however, if, may, nevertheless, nonetheless, second, secondly, so, in contrast, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 17.0 10.4613686534 163% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 30.0 22.412803532 134% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1548.0 1373.03311258 113% => OK
No of words: 302.0 270.72406181 112% => OK
Chars per words: 5.12582781457 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.1687104957 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.36682478599 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 171.0 145.348785872 118% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.566225165563 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 458.1 419.366225166 109% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 4.0 1.51434878587 264% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 51.6159285651 49.2860985944 105% => OK
Chars per sentence: 110.571428571 110.228320801 100% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.5714285714 21.698381199 99% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.85714285714 7.06452816374 125% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.27373068433 211% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.160400960235 0.272083759551 59% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0528772772707 0.0996497079465 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0597809904672 0.0662205650399 90% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0924263648454 0.162205337803 57% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0464935760932 0.0443174109184 105% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.5 13.3589403974 101% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 58.62 53.8541721854 109% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.3 11.0289183223 93% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.47 12.2367328918 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.7 8.42419426049 103% => OK
difficult_words: 77.0 63.6247240618 121% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.