The following appeared in an article written by Dr. Karp, an anthropologist.
“Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia and concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. However, my recent interviews with children living in the group of islands that includes Tertia show that these children spend much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. This research of mine proves that Dr. Field’s conclusion about
Tertian village culture is invalid and thus that the observation-centered approach to studying cultures is invalid as well. The interview-centered method that my team of graduate students is currently using in Tertia will establish a much more accurate understanding of child-rearing traditions there and in other island cultures.”
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
Dr. Karp argues that observation-centric approach to studying cultures is invalid and the interview-centered method is more accurate. He proposes this argument based on the discrepancy of his recent findings with the earlier findings of Dr. Field, in terms of child rearing in Tertia. However, to prove the supremacy of interview-centric approach here are the evidences he needs to supply.
Firstly, Dr. Karp must supply the list of participants who participated in his study. He states that Dr. Field conducted a study in Tertia and he himself has conducted the study in a group of island containing Tertia. However, we do not know whether Tertian children were represented in the group adequately. It is possible that other islands nearby Tertia may have different child rearing culture which Dr. Karp has investigated. However, this does not make Dr. Field's study invalid who has done exclusive research on Tertian culture. If it is found that the representation of Tertia in study's participants was not adequate, then Dr. Field's study can not be repudiated and hence his observation-centric approach can not be judged.
Secondly, Dr. Karp must provide the list of questions he asked the participants of the study. He states that they talked more about their biological parents than other adults of the village. However, if he asked them questions only about their parents, it is logical for them to do that. Based on this evidence alone, one can not say that Dr. Field was wrong in his study. Once the list of questions are examined, one can be sure about the evidence provided by Dr. Karp to strengthen his argument. If it is found that he questioned them about their parents only then there will be no evidence to repudiate Dr. Field's methods.
Thirdly, there is a significant time gap of twenty years between Dr. Field and Dr. Karp's studies. It might be possible that the child rearing culture of Tertia changed during this time due to globalization. To confirm this, Dr. Karp must conduct a similar study on an older group of people. Only once we know the results of this different study, will we be able to judge Dr. Field's study and his methods.
Lastly, even if all of the above evidence favors Dr. Karp's argument one can not be certain that observation-centric approach leads to inaccurate results. Since one instance is not enough to reject a technique of research, even more so in a highly subjective field such as this. He must provide more examples where interview-centric approaches give different results than observation-centric approach. He must take care to conduct studies on same or similar group of people and ask them questions about what he observed while doing observation-centric part of the study. If he gets inconsistent result most of the times then it can be argued that one of the methods is wrong.
Therefore, the argument that Dr. Karp has proposed, as it stands now, is flawed. Due to the lack of more evidence, Dr.Field's studies can not be judged adequately and hence can not be rejected.
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| 2021-10-19 | MistyRabbit | 63 | view |
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.5 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 2
No. of Sentences: 26 15
No. of Words: 511 350
No. of Characters: 2472 1500
No. of Different Words: 211 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.755 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.838 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.971 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 162 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 128 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 78 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 44 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 19.654 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 4.665 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.615 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.333 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.543 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.179 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 6 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 499, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...by Dr. Karp to strengthen his argument. If it is found that he questioned them abo...
^^
Line 9, column 17, Rule ID: ALL_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'all the'.
Suggestion: all the
...udy and his methods. Lastly, even if all of the above evidence favors Dr. Karps argumen...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 571, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... observation-centric part of the study. If he gets inconsistent result most of the...
^^
Line 11, column 119, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Fields
...d. Due to the lack of more evidence, Dr.Fields studies can not be judged adequately an...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, firstly, hence, however, if, lastly, may, second, secondly, so, then, therefore, third, thirdly, while, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 25.0 19.6327345309 127% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 17.0 12.9520958084 131% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 11.1786427146 72% => OK
Relative clauses : 16.0 13.6137724551 118% => OK
Pronoun: 56.0 28.8173652695 194% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 60.0 55.5748502994 108% => OK
Nominalization: 17.0 16.3942115768 104% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2531.0 2260.96107784 112% => OK
No of words: 510.0 441.139720559 116% => OK
Chars per words: 4.96274509804 5.12650576532 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.75217629947 4.56307096286 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.0415481246 2.78398813304 109% => OK
Unique words: 223.0 204.123752495 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.437254901961 0.468620217663 93% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 766.8 705.55239521 109% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 10.0 4.96107784431 202% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 1.0 8.76447105788 11% => OK
Subordination: 7.0 2.70958083832 258% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.22255489022 95% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 26.0 19.7664670659 132% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 22.8473053892 83% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 27.4058096463 57.8364921388 47% => The essay contains lots of sentences with the similar length. More sentence varieties wanted.
Chars per sentence: 97.3461538462 119.503703932 81% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.6153846154 23.324526521 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.53846153846 5.70786347227 80% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 5.25449101796 76% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 8.20758483034 85% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 6.88822355289 116% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 11.0 4.67664670659 235% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.221088101393 0.218282227539 101% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0758902473134 0.0743258471296 102% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0538456059472 0.0701772020484 77% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.136115741223 0.128457276422 106% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0659445488503 0.0628817314937 105% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.7 14.3799401198 81% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 48.3550499002 125% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 12.197005988 78% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.49 12.5979740519 91% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.92 8.32208582834 95% => OK
difficult_words: 108.0 98.500998004 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 12.3882235529 93% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 11.1389221557 86% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.