Scientists are considering the possibility of sending humans to Mars in the coming decades. Although there have been successful manned missions to the Moon in the 1960s and 1970s, Mars is 150 times further away from Earth than the Moon is. Thus the project of sending humans to Mars would require solving an array of problems the Moon missions did not have to face. One problem is that a round-trip to Mars and back is likely to take at least two years. The trip to the Moon lasted only a few days, and it was easy to bring enough supplies of food, water, and oxygen; but the cargo capacity of space vehicles is too limited to put on board the food, water, and oxygen required by a crew for a period of two years. Without those essentials, though, a Mars mission is impossible. A second problem is that astronauts on the Mars mission would be in the zero-gravity environment of space for many months at a time. Spending a long time in the zero-gravity environment has negative effects on the human body, such as decreased muscle mass and lower bone density. Over the course of a two-year mission, the effects would be so severe, they would make it impossible for humans to make the trip without experiencing grave medical problems. Finally, astronauts on a mission to Mars would be exposed to dangerous levels of space radiation, much of which comes in the form of charged particles emitted by the Sun. Earth’s magnetic field, which normally protects us from dangerous solar radiation, would not be able to protect a spaceship traveling in interplanetary space. Constructing a shield that would protect the whole spaceship from space radiation is at present impossible because it would add too much weight to the ship.
The listening totally disputes the reading on the topic of difficulties to send astronauts to Mars. Firstly, the reading says that the space vehicles are not capable to carry enough resources, such as food and oxygen, for the two-year long trip. However ,the lecturer asserts that this problem can be solved by using hydro phonics. The astronauts can grow plants on the space vehicle. It do not take a lot of space but create provide the resources astronauts need in long term. The plants they grow provide them food, recycle water, and fresh air.
Second, the passage implies that staying in a zero-gravity environment is harmful for the astronauts physical health. Yet, the speaker disputes it and stresses that there are many astronauts who have successfully survive under this condition. By using technology, astronauts still can work out regularly in the space ship, which will maintain their muscle mass. Also, they take vitamins and minerals to help keep their bone density. In other words, there are solutions to living in zero-gravity conditions for a long period of time.
Last but not least, the reading says that the astronauts exposing under the radiation from the sun is dangerous. However ,the lecturer points out the fact that the sun radiation is not always dangerous for human. The radiation is only too strong for occasionally. By building a small shelter in the space ship, astronauts can stay in it to avoid harm when the vehicle detects strong radiation. Otherwise, they work in the usual place
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-01-20 | f.jafary66@gmail.com | 80 | view |
| 2020-01-18 | naziii | 3 | view |
| 2020-01-07 | 3dra | 3 | view |
| 2019-12-27 | Amirreza97 | 3 | view |
| 2019-12-16 | jeffhjz | 3 | view |
- Scientists are considering the possibility of sending humans to Mars in the coming decades. Although there have been successful manned missions to the Moon in the 1960s and 1970s, Mars is 150 times further away from Earth than the Moon is. Thus the projec 3
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?All university students should be required to take history courses no matter what their field of study is.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 70
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The rules that societies today expect young people to follow and obey are too strict.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 60
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement, Professional athletes, such football and basketball player, do not deserve the high salaries that they are paid. 85
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 254, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...gen, for the two-year long trip. However ,the lecturer asserts that this problem c...
^^
Line 1, column 389, Rule ID: IT_VBZ[1]
Message: Did you mean 'does'?
Suggestion: does
...an grow plants on the space vehicle. It do not take a lot of space but create prov...
^^
Line 3, column 214, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[2]
Message: Possible agreement error -- use past participle here: 'survived'.
Suggestion: survived
...e many astronauts who have successfully survive under this condition. By using technolo...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 518, Rule ID: PERIOD_OF_TIME[1]
Message: Use simply 'period'.
Suggestion: period
...g in zero-gravity conditions for a long period of time. Last but not least, the reading say...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 121, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...ation from the sun is dangerous. However ,the lecturer points out the fact that th...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, however, if, second, so, still, such as, in other words
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 17.0 22.412803532 76% => OK
Preposition: 27.0 30.3222958057 89% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1271.0 1373.03311258 93% => OK
No of words: 252.0 270.72406181 93% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.04365079365 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.98428260373 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.58426579616 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 144.0 145.348785872 99% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.571428571429 0.540411800872 106% => OK
syllable_count: 378.0 419.366225166 90% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 15.0 21.2450331126 71% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 29.8322785544 49.2860985944 61% => OK
Chars per sentence: 79.4375 110.228320801 72% => OK
Words per sentence: 15.75 21.698381199 73% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.125 7.06452816374 73% => OK
Paragraphs: 3.0 4.09492273731 73% => More paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 5.0 4.19205298013 119% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0294964048893 0.272083759551 11% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.010189988922 0.0996497079465 10% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0160416126971 0.0662205650399 24% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0211317072339 0.162205337803 13% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.00905346161053 0.0443174109184 20% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.2 13.3589403974 76% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 64.71 53.8541721854 120% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.0 11.0289183223 73% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.66 12.2367328918 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.01 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 58.0 63.6247240618 91% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.0 10.7273730684 56% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.0 10.498013245 76% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Minimum four paragraphs wanted. The correct pattern:
para 1: introduction
para 2: doubt 1
para 3: doubt 2
para 4: doubt 3
Less contents wanted from the reading passages(25%), more content wanted from the lecture (75%).
Don't need a conclusion paragraph.
Read sample essays from ETS:
http://www.testbig.com/users/toeflwritingmaster
It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.