In 1957 a European silver coin dating to the eleventh century was discovered at a Native American archaeological site in the state of Maine in the United States. Many people believed the coin had been originally brought to North America by European explorers known as the Norse, who traveled across the Atlantic Ocean and came into contact with Native Americans almost a thousand years ago.
However, some archaeologists believe that the coin is not a genuine piece of historical evidence but a historical fake; they think that the coin was placed at the site recently by someone who wanted to mislead the public. There are three main reasons why some archaeologists believe that the coin is not genuine historical evidence.
Great Distance from Norse Settlements
First, the Native American site in Maine where the coin was discovered is located very far from other sites documenting a Norse presence in North America. Remains of Norse settlements have been discovered in far eastern Canada. The distance between the Maine site and the Norse settlements in Canada is more than a thousand kilometers, suggesting the coin has no real connection with the settlements.
No Other Coins Found
A second problem is that no other coins have been found at the Canadian sites that were inhabited by the Norse. This suggests that the Norse did not bring any silver coins with them to their North American settlements.
Third, the Norse who traveled to North America would have understood that silver coins would most likely be useless to them. Sitver coins may have been in wide use in Europe at the time, but the Norse, as experienced explorers, would have known that native North Americans did not recognize silver coins as money.
The reading passage and the lecture both discuss a silver coin found in a native American archaeological site in the state of maine. The author in the article believes that the coin is a fake historical evidence planted by someone who wanted to mislead the public. However, the lecturer refutes the arguments made in the reading. She argues that the coin is actually a genuine historical evidence that the Norse came in contact with native Americans.
First of all, the article contends that the maine site is very far away from the Norse settlements in Canada which proves that this coin has no real connection with the Norse settlements. The lecturer, on the other hand, suggests that native Americans were interested in collecting unique objects from far away distances and she cites the evidence that objects from far away have been discovered at the maine site. As a result, native americans might have reached the Norse settlements during their long journeys across north america and brought the coin back with them.
Second, the author of the article proposes that the Norse did not bring any silver coins with them as no coins were unearthed in the Canadian sites. This point is challenged by the lecturer. She holds that the Norse did not have permanent settlements in north america. Consequently, they could have brought coins with them but then took it back to Europe along with their other valuable belongings.
Lastly, the excerpt claims that since the Norse were experienced explorers, they should have known that native americans would not have recognized the value of silver coins. Thus, it should have been useless to bring coins with them. The lecturer, on the contrary to the reading passage, posits that native americans could have valued silver coins somehow. She further elaborates that native Americans appreciated attractive and unusual objects which were very appealing to them. They could have used these objects to make necklaces and the Norse would have realized that they were capable of trading with native Americans using silver coins.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 13, column 644, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...th native Americans using silver coins.
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, consequently, first, however, lastly, second, so, then, thus, as a result, first of all, on the contrary, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 34.0 22.412803532 152% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 39.0 30.3222958057 129% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1745.0 1373.03311258 127% => OK
No of words: 340.0 270.72406181 126% => OK
Chars per words: 5.13235294118 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.29407602571 4.04702891845 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.41460378089 2.5805825403 94% => OK
Unique words: 161.0 145.348785872 111% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.473529411765 0.540411800872 88% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 541.8 419.366225166 129% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 3.25607064018 246% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 47.817360864 49.2860985944 97% => OK
Chars per sentence: 109.0625 110.228320801 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.25 21.698381199 98% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.625 7.06452816374 122% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.22214335711 0.272083759551 82% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0848430736396 0.0996497079465 85% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.055739208264 0.0662205650399 84% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.149747604602 0.162205337803 92% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0312097107996 0.0443174109184 70% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.4 13.3589403974 100% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 50.16 53.8541721854 93% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.47 12.2367328918 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.21 8.42419426049 97% => OK
difficult_words: 76.0 63.6247240618 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.