In 1995 a microscopic fungus called Phytophthora ramorum, or P. ramorum, was first detected in the forests of the western United States. P. ramorum infects trees and causes particularly serious damage in oak trees: in many infected oaks, leaves wither rapidly, large cracks appear in the bark, and the trees die. A spread of P. ramorum represents a serious threat to the forests in the western states. Several methods of protecting the forests have been proposed.
First, stopping P. ramorum spores from spreading would surely be an effective method. Spores are small particles through which all fungi, including P. ramorum, reproduce. Researchers have discovered that many P. ramorum spores can be found along hiking or biking trails, suggesting human-assisted spread by way of shoes and bicycle tires. A few measures to prevent such human-assisted spread—like encouraging hikers to wash their shoes and installing new bike scrubbers on bicycle trails—would be an effective and low-cost way to stop the spread of P. ramorum.
Second, there are a few fungicidal (fungus-fighting) chemicals that can be used to protect the oak trees. Some of these chemicals stimulate the oak trees’ natural defenses against the P. ramorum fungus and have been found in small-scale tryouts to significantly reduce the likelihood that the oaks will be infected.
A third way to fight P. ramorum is a practice called clear-cutting. This approach starts with cutting and burning the diseased oaks, but it also involves cutting and burning the seemingly healthy vegetation (bushes and other kinds of trees) surrounding the oaks. This is done because some of the surrounding plants and trees may be infected even though they do not show any symptoms of the disease. Clearing large areas of vegetation in places where diseased trees are found is often an efficient measure to stop the spread of infections.
The author of the reading passage propses three method to protect the forest form the threaten of P. ramorum. However, the speaker in the lecture disagrees with all of them and argues the limitations by giving evidence and details.
To begin with, the author claims that stopping P. ramorum spores from human-assisted spreading is an effective method. On the contrary, the lecturer counters this argument by emphasizing that installing bike scrubbers or washing shoes do not have a large impact on adressing the problsm, as human-assiated spread is not the only way to speard the spore. Apart from human impact , the spores could be spread by streams of water from rainfall that can carry them in a long distance. Besides, rainfall is hard to control, which means it is impossible to stop the spreading.
Secondly, the reading passage contends that fungidal chemicals could protect the oak trees by increasing their natural defenses against P. ramorum. Contrarily, the lecturer dismisses this idea as impratical. She mentions that this method could be pratical when applying on the tree in city park. However, it is impossible for scientists to inject chemicals to thousands of trees in forests every few months. In addition, it is very expensive.
Finally, opposing to the author's third view that clearing and cutting infected tree to prevent the infection spreading is a way to defend P. ramorum, the speakers porposes that this method might cause ecological damage. This is because those healthy trees would be killed when practicing clear-cutting and those rare tree species or those could no grow will be damage, not only threatening the ecological balance but also destory the moral.
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| 2023-01-17 | nikki07hung | 68 | view |
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Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...sides, rainfall is hard to control, which means it is impossible to st...
^^
Line 3, column 612, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... rainfall is hard to control, which means it is impossible to stop the...
^^
Line 3, column 619, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ll is hard to control, which means it is impossible to stop the sprea...
^^
Line 3, column 623, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...is hard to control, which means it is impossible to stop the spreading...
^^
Line 3, column 627, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hard to control, which means it is impossible to stop the spreading. ...
^^
Line 3, column 639, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ntrol, which means it is impossible to stop the spreading. Secondly, ...
^^
Line 3, column 643, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...l, which means it is impossible to stop the spreading. Secondly, the ...
^^
Line 3, column 649, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ich means it is impossible to stop the spreading. Secondly, the readi...
^^
Line 3, column 654, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...means it is impossible to stop the spreading. Secondly, the reading p...
^^
Line 5, column 10, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... to stop the spreading. Secondly, the reading passage contends that f...
^^
Line 5, column 15, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... stop the spreading. Secondly, the reading passage contends that fungid...
^^
Line 5, column 24, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e spreading. Secondly, the reading passage contends that fungidal chemi...
^^
Line 5, column 33, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ing. Secondly, the reading passage contends that fungidal chemicals cou...
^^
Line 5, column 43, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...condly, the reading passage contends that fungidal chemicals could protec...
^^
Line 5, column 49, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
..., the reading passage contends that fungidal chemicals could protect the...
^^
Line 5, column 59, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ading passage contends that fungidal chemicals could protect the oak tre...
^^
Line 5, column 70, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...age contends that fungidal chemicals could protect the oak trees by inc...
^^
Line 5, column 77, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ntends that fungidal chemicals could protect the oak trees by increasing...
^^
Line 5, column 86, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hat fungidal chemicals could protect the oak trees by increasing their ...
^^
Line 5, column 91, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...fungidal chemicals could protect the oak trees by increasing their natur...
^^
Line 5, column 96, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...dal chemicals could protect the oak trees by increasing their natural d...
^^
Line 5, column 103, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...emicals could protect the oak trees by increasing their natural defenses...
^^
Line 5, column 107, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...als could protect the oak trees by increasing their natural defenses ag...
^^
Line 5, column 119, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...protect the oak trees by increasing their natural defenses against P. r...
^^
Line 5, column 126, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... the oak trees by increasing their natural defenses against P. ramorum....
^^
Line 5, column 135, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...k trees by increasing their natural defenses against P. ramorum. Contrar...
^^
Line 5, column 145, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...by increasing their natural defenses against P. ramorum. Contrarily, the ...
^^
Line 5, column 154, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...asing their natural defenses against P. ramorum. Contrarily, the lecturer...
^^
Line 5, column 158, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...g their natural defenses against P. ramorum. Contrarily, the lecturer di...
^^
Line 5, column 181, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...nses against P. ramorum. Contrarily, the lecturer dismisses this idea as...
^^
Line 5, column 186, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... against P. ramorum. Contrarily, the lecturer dismisses this idea as imp...
^^
Line 5, column 196, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...P. ramorum. Contrarily, the lecturer dismisses this idea as impratical. ...
^^
Line 5, column 207, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
.... Contrarily, the lecturer dismisses this idea as impratical. She mentio...
^^
Line 5, column 213, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...trarily, the lecturer dismisses this idea as impratical. She mentions th...
^^
Line 5, column 219, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...y, the lecturer dismisses this idea as impratical. She mentions that th...
^^
Line 5, column 223, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...the lecturer dismisses this idea as impratical. She mentions that this ...
^^
Line 5, column 241, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...misses this idea as impratical. She mentions that this method could be ...
^^
Line 5, column 251, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...is idea as impratical. She mentions that this method could be pratical ...
^^
Line 5, column 257, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ea as impratical. She mentions that this method could be pratical when ...
^^
Line 5, column 263, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... impratical. She mentions that this method could be pratical when apply...
^^
Line 5, column 271, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ical. She mentions that this method could be pratical when applying on ...
^^
Line 5, column 278, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...She mentions that this method could be pratical when applying on the t...
^^
Line 5, column 282, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... mentions that this method could be pratical when applying on the tree ...
^^
Line 5, column 292, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... that this method could be pratical when applying on the tree in city ...
^^
Line 5, column 298, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... this method could be pratical when applying on the tree in city park....
^^
Line 5, column 308, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hod could be pratical when applying on the tree in city park. However,...
^^
Line 5, column 312, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... could be pratical when applying on the tree in city park. However, it...
^^
Line 5, column 317, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...d be pratical when applying on the tree in city park. However, it is ...
^^
Line 5, column 323, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... pratical when applying on the tree in city park. However, it is impos...
^^
Line 5, column 327, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...tical when applying on the tree in city park. However, it is impossibl...
^^
Line 5, column 333, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... when applying on the tree in city park. However, it is impossible for...
^^
Line 5, column 350, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...on the tree in city park. However, it is impossible for scientists to ...
^^
Line 5, column 354, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...the tree in city park. However, it is impossible for scientists to inj...
^^
Line 5, column 358, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... tree in city park. However, it is impossible for scientists to inject ...
^^
Line 5, column 370, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ity park. However, it is impossible for scientists to inject chemicals ...
^^
Line 5, column 375, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...park. However, it is impossible for scientists to inject chemicals to t...
^^
Line 5, column 387, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...er, it is impossible for scientists to inject chemicals to thousands of...
^^
Line 5, column 391, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... it is impossible for scientists to inject chemicals to thousands of tr...
^^
Line 5, column 399, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... impossible for scientists to inject chemicals to thousands of trees in ...
^^
Line 5, column 410, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... for scientists to inject chemicals to thousands of trees in forests e...
^^
Line 5, column 414, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...r scientists to inject chemicals to thousands of trees in forests every...
^^
Line 5, column 425, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ts to inject chemicals to thousands of trees in forests every few mont...
^^
Line 5, column 429, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...to inject chemicals to thousands of trees in forests every few months. ...
^^
Line 5, column 436, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ect chemicals to thousands of trees in forests every few months. In ad...
^^
Line 5, column 440, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... chemicals to thousands of trees in forests every few months. In additi...
^^
Line 5, column 449, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...s to thousands of trees in forests every few months. In addition, it ...
^^
Line 5, column 456, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...thousands of trees in forests every few months. In addition, it is ver...
^^
Line 5, column 461, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ands of trees in forests every few months. In addition, it is very ex...
^^
Line 5, column 474, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...es in forests every few months. In addition, it is very expensive. F...
^^
Line 5, column 485, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ests every few months. In addition, it is very expensive. Finally, op...
^^
Line 5, column 489, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... every few months. In addition, it is very expensive. Finally, opposi...
^^
Line 5, column 493, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ery few months. In addition, it is very expensive. Finally, opposing ...
^^
Line 5, column 499, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ew months. In addition, it is very expensive. Finally, opposing to th...
^^
Line 7, column 9, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...n, it is very expensive. Finally, opposing to the authors third view ...
^^
Line 7, column 19, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... very expensive. Finally, opposing to the authors third view that cle...
^^
Line 7, column 23, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ry expensive. Finally, opposing to the authors third view that clearin...
^^
Line 7, column 28, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...xpensive. Finally, opposing to the authors third view that clearing an...
^^
Line 7, column 37, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... Finally, opposing to the authors third view that clearing and cuttin...
^^
Line 7, column 44, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ally, opposing to the authors third view that clearing and cutting infe...
^^
Line 7, column 50, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... opposing to the authors third view that clearing and cutting infected ...
^^
Line 7, column 56, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ing to the authors third view that clearing and cutting infected tree ...
^^
Line 7, column 66, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...he authors third view that clearing and cutting infected tree to preven...
^^
Line 7, column 71, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...uthors third view that clearing and cutting infected tree to prevent th...
^^
Line 7, column 80, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hird view that clearing and cutting infected tree to prevent the infect...
^^
Line 7, column 90, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... that clearing and cutting infected tree to prevent the infection sprea...
^^
Line 7, column 96, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... clearing and cutting infected tree to prevent the infection spreading ...
^^
Line 7, column 100, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...earing and cutting infected tree to prevent the infection spreading is ...
^^
Line 7, column 109, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...nd cutting infected tree to prevent the infection spreading is a way t...
^^
Line 7, column 114, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...utting infected tree to prevent the infection spreading is a way to de...
^^
Line 7, column 125, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ected tree to prevent the infection spreading is a way to defend P. r...
^^
Line 7, column 136, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... to prevent the infection spreading is a way to defend P. ramorum, th...
^^
Line 7, column 140, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... prevent the infection spreading is a way to defend P. ramorum, the s...
^^
Line 7, column 143, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...revent the infection spreading is a way to defend P. ramorum, the spea...
^^
Line 7, column 148, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...t the infection spreading is a way to defend P. ramorum, the speakers ...
^^
Line 7, column 152, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...he infection spreading is a way to defend P. ramorum, the speakers por...
^^
Line 7, column 160, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ction spreading is a way to defend P. ramorum, the speakers porposes t...
^^
Line 7, column 164, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...n spreading is a way to defend P. ramorum, the speakers porposes that ...
^^
Line 7, column 174, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ng is a way to defend P. ramorum, the speakers porposes that this met...
^^
Line 7, column 179, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...s a way to defend P. ramorum, the speakers porposes that this method ...
^^
Line 7, column 189, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... to defend P. ramorum, the speakers porposes that this method might cau...
^^
Line 7, column 199, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...d P. ramorum, the speakers porposes that this method might cause ecolog...
^^
Line 7, column 205, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... ramorum, the speakers porposes that this method might cause ecological ...
^^
Line 7, column 211, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...um, the speakers porposes that this method might cause ecological damage...
^^
Line 7, column 219, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... speakers porposes that this method might cause ecological damage. This ...
^^
Line 7, column 226, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ers porposes that this method might cause ecological damage. This is be...
^^
Line 7, column 233, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...rposes that this method might cause ecological damage. This is because ...
^^
Line 7, column 245, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... this method might cause ecological damage. This is because those healt...
^^
Line 7, column 260, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... might cause ecological damage. This is because those healthy trees woul...
^^
Line 7, column 264, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ht cause ecological damage. This is because those healthy trees would b...
^^
Line 7, column 273, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... ecological damage. This is because those healthy trees would be killed...
^^
Line 7, column 280, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...gical damage. This is because those healthy trees would be killed when ...
^^
Line 7, column 289, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...mage. This is because those healthy trees would be killed when practici...
^^
Line 7, column 296, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...This is because those healthy trees would be killed when practicing cle...
^^
Line 7, column 303, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...s because those healthy trees would be killed when practicing clear-cutt...
^^
Line 7, column 307, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ecause those healthy trees would be killed when practicing clear-cutting ...
^^
Line 7, column 315, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...those healthy trees would be killed when practicing clear-cutting and th...
^^
Line 7, column 321, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... healthy trees would be killed when practicing clear-cutting and those r...
^^
Line 7, column 333, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ees would be killed when practicing clear-cutting and those rare tree s...
^^
Line 7, column 348, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... killed when practicing clear-cutting and those rare tree species or tho...
^^
Line 7, column 353, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ed when practicing clear-cutting and those rare tree species or those c...
^^
Line 7, column 360, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...n practicing clear-cutting and those rare tree species or those could n...
^^
Line 7, column 366, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...cticing clear-cutting and those rare tree species or those could no gro...
^^
Line 7, column 372, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...g clear-cutting and those rare tree species or those could no grow wil...
^^
Line 7, column 381, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...cutting and those rare tree species or those could no grow will be da...
^^
Line 7, column 385, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ing and those rare tree species or those could no grow will be damage...
^^
Line 7, column 392, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...d those rare tree species or those could no grow will be damage, not ...
^^
Line 7, column 399, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e rare tree species or those could no grow will be damage, not only ...
^^
Line 7, column 403, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...are tree species or those could no grow will be damage, not only thre...
^^
Line 7, column 409, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ree species or those could no grow will be damage, not only threatenin...
^^
Line 7, column 415, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...pecies or those could no grow will be damage, not only threatening the...
^^
Line 7, column 419, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...es or those could no grow will be damage, not only threatening the ec...
^^
Line 7, column 428, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hose could no grow will be damage, not only threatening the ecological ...
^^
Line 7, column 433, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... could no grow will be damage, not only threatening the ecological bala...
^^
Line 7, column 439, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... no grow will be damage, not only threatening the ecological balance b...
^^
Line 7, column 452, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ill be damage, not only threatening the ecological balance but also des...
^^
Line 7, column 457, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...be damage, not only threatening the ecological balance but also destory ...
^^
Line 7, column 469, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... not only threatening the ecological balance but also destory the moral....
^^
Line 7, column 478, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...y threatening the ecological balance but also destory the moral.
^^
Line 7, column 483, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...reatening the ecological balance but also destory the moral.
^^
Line 7, column 489, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ing the ecological balance but also destory the moral.
^^
Line 7, column 498, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... ecological balance but also destory the moral.
^^
Line 7, column 503, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ogical balance but also destory the moral.
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, besides, but, finally, however, second, secondly, so, third
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1424.0 1373.03311258 104% => OK
No of words: 274.0 270.72406181 101% => OK
Chars per words: 5.19708029197 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.0685311056 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.7169647625 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 164.0 145.348785872 113% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.598540145985 0.540411800872 111% => OK
syllable_count: 419.4 419.366225166 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 64.3136757532 49.2860985944 130% => OK
Chars per sentence: 94.9333333333 110.228320801 86% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.2666666667 21.698381199 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.33333333333 7.06452816374 61% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 264.0 4.19205298013 6298% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.161686135709 0.272083759551 59% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0414268475377 0.0996497079465 42% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0460174687551 0.0662205650399 69% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0960859105029 0.162205337803 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0504444856808 0.0443174109184 114% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.2 13.3589403974 91% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.88 12.2367328918 105% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.85 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 75.0 63.6247240618 118% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.