Evidence suggests that academic honor codes, which call for students to agree not to cheat in their academic endeavors and to notify a faculty member if they suspect that others have cheated, are far more successful than are other methods at deterring cheating among students at colleges and universities. Several years ago, Groveton College adopted such a code and discontinued its old-fashioned system in which teachers closely monitored students. Under the old system, teachers reported an average of thirty cases of cheating per year. In the first year the honor code was in place, students reported twenty-one cases of cheating; five years later, this figure had dropped to fourteen. Moreover, in a recent survey, a majority of Groveton students said that they would be less likely to cheat with an honor code in place than without.
In this argument, the author claims that the academic honor code, which call for students to agree not to cheat in their academic environment and to notify their faculty if they suspect that others have cheated are efficient to prevent cheating in exam. To support her argument, the author cites a case of Groveton College which introduced the honor code few years ago, In ABC College, after introducing the code and discontinuing the old-fashioned system that the teachers monitor their students, students reported 21 cases of cheating 7 years ago. After two years the students reported fourteen. Recently, a survey about the number of cheating indicates that there is no more cheating among the students. Careful scrutiny reveals that this argument has several logical problems.
To begin with, based on the fact that the number of reported cheating in the college have decreased, the author hastily assumes that that is because of introducing the code. However, the case could not be result from the code. For example, admission of new students who have higher morality could be cause of this case or simple change of composition of students could be reason. If this is true, we cannot be convinced by this argument.
Secondly, even if we admit this case is because of introducing the code, there is another problem. Based on the fact, 30 cases of cheating were reported on average before the code introduced and the number of cheating which were reported have decreased after the code introduced, she assumes that the decreased number of cheating which have been reported are meaningful effect. However, this could not be true. For example, if the overall number of students have decreased, the number of cheating per a person could increase. Until she give us scientific data which shows that the number of cheating per a person has actually decreased, this argument is not cogent.
Thirdly, even if we admit other problem is true, this argument has another critical problem. Based on the fact that the number of cheating which were reported has decreased, she wrongly presumes that the number is credible. However, it could not be true, For example, the code mandates the report of cheating to students' own morality. Although the students find the others do cheating, the students may report that deems because of some reasons such as they also do cheating or overlook other's badness because of their friendship. If she cannot explain why she thinks that the students do reports other's cheating, no matter what, this argument is groundless.
To summarize, this argument is dubious as it stands. To make this argument more persuasive, the author have to give us additional information about actual meaning of the number of cheating which is reported and have to prove this case, decreasing number of cheating which are reported, is because of implement of the academic honor code. To evaluate better, we must know that the reporting system actually works
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 22 15
No. of Words: 490 350
No. of Characters: 2413 1500
No. of Different Words: 189 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.705 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.924 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.44 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 185 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 144 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 100 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 31 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 22.273 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 12.916 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.636 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.365 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.518 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.204 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 551, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “After” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...orted 21 cases of cheating 7 years ago. After two years the students reported fourtee...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 298, Rule ID: BE_CAUSE[1]
Message: Did you mean 'because'?
Suggestion: because
...students who have higher morality could be cause of this case or simple change of compos...
^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 537, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[1]
Message: The pronoun 'she' must be used with a third-person verb: 'gives'.
Suggestion: gives
... per a person could increase. Until she give us scientific data which shows that the...
^^^^
Line 7, column 478, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...reasons such as they also do cheating or overlook others badness because of their...
^^
Line 9, column 339, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...f implement of the academic honor code. To evaluate better, we must know that the ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, however, if, look, may, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly, for example, such as, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 25.0 19.6327345309 127% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 12.9520958084 77% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 11.1786427146 54% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 24.0 13.6137724551 176% => OK
Pronoun: 48.0 28.8173652695 167% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 57.0 55.5748502994 103% => OK
Nominalization: 13.0 16.3942115768 79% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2482.0 2260.96107784 110% => OK
No of words: 490.0 441.139720559 111% => OK
Chars per words: 5.06530612245 5.12650576532 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.70488508055 4.56307096286 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.53686193386 2.78398813304 91% => OK
Unique words: 198.0 204.123752495 97% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.404081632653 0.468620217663 86% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 765.9 705.55239521 109% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 10.0 4.96107784431 202% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 9.0 2.70958083832 332% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 10.0 4.22255489022 237% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 22.0 19.7664670659 111% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 22.8473053892 96% => OK
Sentence length SD: 79.370626059 57.8364921388 137% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.818181818 119.503703932 94% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.2727272727 23.324526521 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.13636363636 5.70786347227 90% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 8.20758483034 12% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 18.0 6.88822355289 261% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.213902616776 0.218282227539 98% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0700335888325 0.0743258471296 94% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0970760379033 0.0701772020484 138% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.141978096211 0.128457276422 111% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0748402745382 0.0628817314937 119% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.6 14.3799401198 95% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 48.3550499002 102% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 12.197005988 98% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.42 12.5979740519 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.95 8.32208582834 96% => OK
difficult_words: 100.0 98.500998004 102% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.5 12.3882235529 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 11.1389221557 97% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.