Several recent studies have shown a link between health and stair usage. One recently completed study shows that people who live in stairs-only apartment buildings (that is, buildings without elevators) live an average of three years longer than do people who live in buildings with both elevators and stairs. A second study shows that elderly residents of buildings with elevators make, on average, twice as many visits to doctors each year as do residents of buildings without elevators. Furthermore, several doctor's offices are reporting that residents of stairs-only buildings scored higher than average on questionnaires administered to new patients, in which the patients were asked to rate several aspects of their own health (e.g., fitness, sleep quality, susceptibility to injury, etc.). The clearest explanation for these findings is that the moderate daily exercise required of residents who must use the stairs instead of elevators increases people's health and longevity.
As the argument tells that health and stair usage is interconnected according to several studies. But the argument fails on many fronts, as to explain the link between health and stair usage and other facts stated in it.
Firstly, the recent study which is completed shows that people are having a better health condition who live in stairs only apartment compared to people who live apartments which has both stairs and elevator. This point is faulty on many strata. The study which was conducted may be done in an area or in accordance with the people who have apartments with only stairs or with both stairs and elevators. But here the conclusion has been generalized for all people. Consider a lavish city or town where all the apartments have stairs and elevators both, but there too people have good health conditions. It also depends on the environment, eating habits of people, work life balance of the people considered in the study. Maybe the people considered in the study who live in only stairs apartment with healthy compared to people who live in apartment which has both stairs and elevator. Maybe work life balance is not present in the people taken in the study, due to high octane work environment.
Secondly, the second study as stated by the argument shows that elderly persons who have stairs only in their building, visit the doctors more frequently. This statement is based on false assumptions. It can be the case that, the elderly people who live in stairs only apartments considered in the survey are having more vulnerable ailments which needs to be attended frequently by the doctor, but the other elderly people who live in apartments consisting of both stairs and elevator may have ailments which are not that severe. Hence, they visit the doctor less frequently.
Thirdly, the point being said here about how residents of stairs only buildings have scored more on questionnaires administered to new patients. Again, here the conclusion is generalized. For instance, it may be the case that the people considered here maybe of age group of under 20 i.e children. Generally, for kinds the basic criteria of fitness, sleep quality etc. is mostly good. So here the age group of people considered in this survey is not stated. Because if the survey was performed considering a different age group for example, 22 - 50. Then here there is a high chance that quality of sleep, fitness can be an issue in most cases.
Finally, it is true that exercise is important for health, but exercise as considered in this argument only related to stairs is not effective at all. Because when people want to exercise, they hit the gym or go running in parks etc. Another point is in this fast-paced world the use of stairs is less due to exacting needs maybe from your employer or many other cases. As to attend things in time people consider elevators as the easy choice compared to stairs.
In conclusion, plethora of unwarranted assumptions have been considered. Because for each scenario the conclusion has been generalized, not keeping the factor in mind that for a survey to hold true in every case, may factors like environment, eating habits of people, work life balance, exercise routine all this should be considered for people of various areas.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 26 15
No. of Words: 556 350
No. of Characters: 2653 1500
No. of Different Words: 222 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.856 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.772 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.487 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 187 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 118 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 85 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 56 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 21.385 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 12.345 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.692 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.302 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.533 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.072 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 6 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 564, Rule ID: TOO_TO[1]
Message: Did you mean 'to people'?
Suggestion: to people
...ve stairs and elevators both, but there too people have good health conditions. It also de...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 780, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'stairs'' or 'stair's'?
Suggestion: stairs'; stair's
...onsidered in the study who live in only stairs apartment with healthy compared to peop...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 578, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... they visit the doctor less frequently. Thirdly, the point being said here about...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 646, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... fitness can be an issue in most cases. Finally, it is true that exercise is imp...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, firstly, hence, if, may, second, secondly, so, then, third, thirdly, as to, for example, for instance, in conclusion, in most cases, it is true
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 29.0 19.6327345309 148% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 12.9520958084 54% => OK
Conjunction : 18.0 11.1786427146 161% => OK
Relative clauses : 25.0 13.6137724551 184% => OK
Pronoun: 25.0 28.8173652695 87% => OK
Preposition: 67.0 55.5748502994 121% => OK
Nominalization: 17.0 16.3942115768 104% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2728.0 2260.96107784 121% => OK
No of words: 555.0 441.139720559 126% => OK
Chars per words: 4.91531531532 5.12650576532 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.85370353223 4.56307096286 106% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.58268872328 2.78398813304 93% => OK
Unique words: 240.0 204.123752495 118% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.432432432432 0.468620217663 92% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 846.0 705.55239521 120% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.76447105788 57% => OK
Subordination: 6.0 2.70958083832 221% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 5.0 1.67365269461 299% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 1.0 4.22255489022 24% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 28.0 19.7664670659 142% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 22.8473053892 83% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 69.7246772115 57.8364921388 121% => OK
Chars per sentence: 97.4285714286 119.503703932 82% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.8214285714 23.324526521 85% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.07142857143 5.70786347227 106% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 5.25449101796 76% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 10.0 8.20758483034 122% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 6.88822355289 73% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 13.0 4.67664670659 278% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.375941161339 0.218282227539 172% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.092518553004 0.0743258471296 124% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.120852060203 0.0701772020484 172% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.17682754011 0.128457276422 138% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.128734935786 0.0628817314937 205% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.7 14.3799401198 81% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 48.3550499002 125% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 12.197005988 78% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.26 12.5979740519 89% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.48 8.32208582834 90% => OK
difficult_words: 102.0 98.500998004 104% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 12.3882235529 85% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 11.1389221557 86% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.9071856287 84% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.