The following is a memorandum from the business manager of WLSS television station.
“Over the past year, our late-night news program has devoted increasingly more time to covering national news and less time to covering weather and local news. During the same time period, most of the complaints we received from viewers were concerned with the station’s coverage of weather and local news. In addition, several local businesses that used to run advertisements during our late-night news program have just cancelled their advertising contracts with us. Therefore, in order to attract more viewers to our news programs and to avoid losing any further advertising revenues, we should expand the coverage of weather and local news on all our news programs.”
Though the news program faced complaints and lost advertising venues the past year, the argument in the memorandum does not prove that the program should restore time to weather and local news. There is insufficient information regarding the nature and number of the complaints as well as the reason for the cancellation of contracts and the number of these cancellations.
First, the business manager should specify the content of the complaints. What exactly did the viewers complain about the weather and local news? Did the viewers complain about the reduction of weather and local news? Or is the quality and accuracy of these news the reason for their discontent? If the answer is the latter, then more local and weather news would not attract more viewers and advertising revenues.
Moreover, the manager does not point out the number of these complaints. Even if these complaints were about the decreased amount of weather and local news, their opinions would not matter as much if they consist of only a small number. There should be a comparison between the overall complaints prior to the past year and during the past year. If there is an overall reduction of complaints about news content after the change to more national news, then viewers may be, in fact, more satisfied with the news content now.
As for advertising contracts, it is true that local businesses may cancel their contracts because there are fewer local residents interested in watching national news. However, there is no indication that local viewer rates fell due to the change. Though local viewers might be interested in watching local news, they may also be eager to know about what has been happening nation-wide. Local businesses might have retracted their contracts for other reasons.
Likewise with the previous point about complaints, we do not know the number of local businesses who have canceled their contracts. If only one or two local businesses made such a decision, the loss would not matter as much. Actually, it would be a wise decision to not restore local news if the program receives higher view rates because of more national news. Thus, it is also necessary to know the amount of views after the increase in national news. If there has been an increase of views during the past year, then more businesses would scramble to put up advertisements with the program.
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- In order for any work of art for example a film a novel a poem or a song to have merit it must be understandable to most people 75
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 3 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 3 2
No. of Sentences: 20 15
No. of Words: 396 350
No. of Characters: 1934 1500
No. of Different Words: 157 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.461 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.884 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.505 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 126 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 99 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 66 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 42 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 19.8 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 6.838 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.7 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.361 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.566 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.141 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...and the number of these cancellations. First, the business manager should speci...
^^^
Line 3, column 253, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'this news' or 'these newses'?
Suggestion: this news; these newses
...news? Or is the quality and accuracy of these news the reason for their discontent? If the...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...more viewers and advertising revenues. Moreover, the manager does not point out...
^^^
Line 6, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e satisfied with the news content now. As for advertising contracts, it is true...
^^^
Line 8, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ted their contracts for other reasons. Likewise with the previous point about c...
^^^
Line 9, column 1, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Likewise,
... their contracts for other reasons. Likewise with the previous point about complaint...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, first, however, if, likewise, may, moreover, regarding, so, then, thus, well, as for, in fact, as well as, it is true
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 16.0 19.6327345309 81% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 12.9520958084 100% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 11.1786427146 116% => OK
Relative clauses : 4.0 13.6137724551 29% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 18.0 28.8173652695 62% => OK
Preposition: 48.0 55.5748502994 86% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 16.3942115768 37% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1988.0 2260.96107784 88% => OK
No of words: 396.0 441.139720559 90% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.0202020202 5.12650576532 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.46091344257 4.56307096286 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.56813588152 2.78398813304 92% => OK
Unique words: 165.0 204.123752495 81% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.416666666667 0.468620217663 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 592.2 705.55239521 84% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 4.96107784431 121% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.76447105788 46% => OK
Subordination: 8.0 2.70958083832 295% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 4.22255489022 24% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 19.7664670659 101% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 22.8473053892 83% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 41.1328336004 57.8364921388 71% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.4 119.503703932 83% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.8 23.324526521 85% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.65 5.70786347227 117% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 5.25449101796 114% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 6.88822355289 160% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.337416798396 0.218282227539 155% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.118302889652 0.0743258471296 159% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0763452938302 0.0701772020484 109% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.215241781582 0.128457276422 168% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0356085928901 0.0628817314937 57% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.1 14.3799401198 84% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 48.3550499002 125% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 12.197005988 78% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.84 12.5979740519 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.33 8.32208582834 88% => OK
difficult_words: 69.0 98.500998004 70% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.5 12.3882235529 69% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 11.1389221557 86% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.