The following appeared in a memorandum from the owner of the Juniper Café, a small, local coffee shop in the downtown area of a small American city:
“We must reduce overhead here at the café. Instead of opening at 6 a.m. weekdays, we will now open at 8 a.m. On weekends, we will only be open from 9 a.m. until 4 p.m. The decrease in hours of operations will help save money because we won’t be paying for utilities, employee wages, or other operating costs during the hours we are closed. This is the best strategy for us to save money and remain in business without having to eliminate jobs.”
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to assess the reasonableness of both the prediction and the argument upon which it is based. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
The owner of Juniper Cafe argued that reducing the hours of operations of the shop could save money, thereby avoiding the need to cut jobs. However, this argument is flawed for three reasons. First of all, the shop might actually be making money instead of losing money in the morning. Secondly, money can be saved by other means instead of reducing the hours of operations. Finally, closing the shop in the morning might only save a marginal amount of money, an amount that does not justify the claim that reduced hours of operations can prevent job cuts.
Juniper Cafe is a coffee shop, which implies that customers are likely to go there for coffee. Conventional thinking tells us that most patrons of a coffee shop buy coffee in the morning before they go to work. Therefore, there is a possibility that Juniper Cafe is crowded in the morning and the majority of the daily revenue is generated in the morning. If the shop owner foolishly decides to rest during this time, the shop would lost its optimal opportunity to make money. Unless the owner can provide data of the revenue by hour and prove with evidence that Juniper Cafe has no income or a low income in the morning, Juniper Cafe should probably still open at 6 a.m.
Although the owner wants to reduce expenditure, closing Juniper Cafe in the morning may not be the optimal method to reduce costs. For example, suppose that Juniper Cafe sells five types of coffee, but customers never buy a certain type of coffee and the excessive coffee beans are always disposed as waste. The owner of Juniper Cafe could optimize his or her operations and reduce costs by terminating the sale of this type of coffee, thereby saving the cost required to purchase the coffee beans and the additional cleaning fee required to dispose the beans that were not sold. The owner claimed that closing the shop in the morning is the best strategy to save money, but more evidence are required to support this claim.
Finally, closing the shop in the morning might only save a small amount of money. For example, the rent of the shop might account for over 60% of the total cost, whereas other miscellaneous items such as utilities and employee wages only account for 5% of the total cost. If the bulk of the total cost was the rent and the owner had to pay it regardless of the hours of operations, the owner is likely to save more money by simply moving to a location with a cheaper rent instead of closing the shop in the morning. The owner can provide data of the operating costs of the shop, and if most of the costs are spent in the morning hours and they can be saved by closing the shop in the morning, then the claims of the owner would be more persuasive.
In conclusion, the owner does not provide a cogent statement because the owner has not provided evidence indicating that in the monring, little revenue is generated and large expenditure is paid. In addition, the owner does not offer data that demonstrate that closing Juniper Cafe in the morning is the best method to save costs. If the owner can prove that in the morning, his or her store is simply losing money and not making any income at all, then his or her argument would be more convincing.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.5 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 3 2
No. of Sentences: 20 15
No. of Words: 575 350
No. of Characters: 2579 1500
No. of Different Words: 207 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.897 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.485 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.231 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 163 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 123 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 56 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 29 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 28.75 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 12.81 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.8 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.402 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.402 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.192 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 1 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 558, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...urs of operations can prevent job cuts. Juniper Cafe is a coffee shop, which imp...
^^^^
Line 2, column 435, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[1]
Message: The verb 'would' requires the base form of the verb: 'lose'
Suggestion: lose
...o rest during this time, the shop would lost its optimal opportunity to make money. ...
^^^^
Line 5, column 501, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... her argument would be more convincing.
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, finally, first, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, still, then, therefore, whereas, for example, in addition, in conclusion, such as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 23.0 19.6327345309 117% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 18.0 12.9520958084 139% => OK
Conjunction : 17.0 11.1786427146 152% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 13.6137724551 110% => OK
Pronoun: 29.0 28.8173652695 101% => OK
Preposition: 73.0 55.5748502994 131% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 16.3942115768 49% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2638.0 2260.96107784 117% => OK
No of words: 575.0 441.139720559 130% => OK
Chars per words: 4.58782608696 5.12650576532 89% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.89685180668 4.56307096286 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.30426316497 2.78398813304 83% => OK
Unique words: 217.0 204.123752495 106% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.377391304348 0.468620217663 81% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 844.2 705.55239521 120% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 4.96107784431 40% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.76447105788 126% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 2.70958083832 185% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.67365269461 179% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 19.7664670659 101% => OK
Sentence length: 28.0 22.8473053892 123% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 67.9555737228 57.8364921388 117% => OK
Chars per sentence: 131.9 119.503703932 110% => OK
Words per sentence: 28.75 23.324526521 123% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.3 5.70786347227 145% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 6.88822355289 87% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.67664670659 107% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.141521874315 0.218282227539 65% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0511573843473 0.0743258471296 69% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0285238770103 0.0701772020484 41% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0896714631623 0.128457276422 70% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0264043593071 0.0628817314937 42% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.6 14.3799401198 102% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.52 48.3550499002 107% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 12.197005988 107% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 9.93 12.5979740519 79% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.39 8.32208582834 89% => OK
difficult_words: 86.0 98.500998004 87% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 12.3882235529 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 13.2 11.1389221557 119% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.