The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette.
"The population on Balmer Island increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island plans to limit the number of mopeds rented by each of the island's six moped rental companies from 50 per day to 30 per day during the summer season. Last year, the neighboring island of Torseau enforced similar limits on moped rentals and saw a 50 percent reduction in moped accidents. We predict that putting these limits into effect on Balmer Island will result in the same reduction in moped accidents."
Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
In the given peice of information the editor says that the population on Balmer Island increases to 100,000 during summer season, so to reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island plans to limit the number of mopeds rented by each of the island's six moped rental companies from 50 per day to 30 per day during the summer season. The editor goes on saying that, last year even the neighboring island of Torseau enforced similar limits on moped rentals and saw a 50 percent reduction in moped accidents. Ahead of this the editor suggests that inculcating simillar measures would also decrease the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians in balmer. But his analysis seems to be unconvincing based on erroneous data and fraught facts.
Firstly the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette says that by reducing the number of moped rentals from 50 to 30 per day will result in reduced number of accidents. But this facts is rather unconvincing because the editor does not provide any further information of how this change could effect the number of accidents. Instead reducing the number of mopeds could cause unconvinience and also cause a rush for the tourists and the natives which could ultimately lead to rash driving and thus increase the number of accidents.
Further on the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette goes on saying that the neighboring island of Torseau enforced similar limits on moped rentals and saw a 50 percent reduction in moped accidents. But the editor does not evaluate the other resons which could have lead to 50% less accidents. Even he does not provide any absoute value on which the data of 50% has been calculated. Their is no strong evidence that the reduced number of accidents were due to lesser mopeds rentals, rather the reason for less accidents could be that the island of torseau is a small one and therefore less number of toursists come there during summer and because its a small island so people usually dont lend mopeds but are more comfortable in walking.
Last but not the least, the editot says that by adopting the same measures as adopted by torseau would lead to decrease number of accidents in balmer as well. He has compared the Balmer island with Torseau island without providing any information on which basis the two islands are compared. Its like comparing an ant with an anpple. Moreover the editor says that the population of balmer increases to 1 lakh during summer and does not say anything about the population of torseau. So there is no guarentee that incorporating the changes done by torseau island would lead to a decrease in accidents in balmer as well. Also since the data of reduced accidnets is of previous years it cannot be fully trusted as maybe the previous year lesser number of toursits visited torseau thus the accidents rate were reduced and it has nothing to do with lesser number of moped rentals.
Had the editor provided the article with more data and facts, the conclusions drawn would have been more convincing. But in light of the above evidences it can clearly be seen that the editor has jumped from one point of conclusion to another without connecting the dots and underming the bleak lines. Thus the editors view lacks a perspective and remains unconvincing.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 20 15
No. of Words: 565 350
No. of Characters: 2713 1500
No. of Different Words: 228 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.875 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.802 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.452 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 213 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 131 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 79 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 53 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 28.25 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 14.845 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.7 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.36 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.548 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.096 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 366, Rule ID: THE_FALL_SEASON[1]
Message: Use simply 'summer'.
Suggestion: summer
...es from 50 per day to 30 per day during the summer season. The editor goes on saying that, last y...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 169, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...ult in reduced number of accidents. But this facts is rather unconvincing because th...
^^^^
Line 3, column 288, Rule ID: AFFECT_EFFECT[6]
Message: Did you mean 'affect'?
Suggestion: affect
...er information of how this change could effect the number of accidents. Instead reduci...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 320, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Instead,
...e could effect the number of accidents. Instead reducing the number of mopeds could cau...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 71, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...almer Island Gazette goes on saying that the neighboring island of Torseau enforc...
^^
Line 5, column 383, Rule ID: THEIR_IS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'there'?
Suggestion: There
...ch the data of 50% has been calculated. Their is no strong evidence that the reduced ...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 505, Rule ID: FEWER_LESS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer'? The noun accidents is countable.
Suggestion: fewer
...r mopeds rentals, rather the reason for less accidents could be that the island of t...
^^^^
Line 5, column 620, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...fore less number of toursists come there during summer and because its a small is...
^^
Line 5, column 648, Rule ID: IT_IS[17]
Message: Did you mean 'it's' (='it is') instead of 'its' (possessive pronoun)?
Suggestion: it's; it is
...s come there during summer and because its a small island so people usually dont l...
^^^
Line 5, column 685, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
...se its a small island so people usually dont lend mopeds but are more comfortable in...
^^^^
Line 7, column 335, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Moreover,
...s like comparing an ant with an anpple. Moreover the editor says that the population of ...
^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 303, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Thus,
...the dots and underming the bleak lines. Thus the editors view lacks a perspective an...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, may, moreover, so, therefore, thus, well
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 19.6327345309 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 12.9520958084 93% => OK
Conjunction : 21.0 11.1786427146 188% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 13.6137724551 110% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 28.8173652695 80% => OK
Preposition: 85.0 55.5748502994 153% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 16.3942115768 61% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2756.0 2260.96107784 122% => OK
No of words: 565.0 441.139720559 128% => OK
Chars per words: 4.87787610619 5.12650576532 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.87542086881 4.56307096286 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.50104841357 2.78398813304 90% => OK
Unique words: 226.0 204.123752495 111% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.4 0.468620217663 85% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 850.5 705.55239521 121% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 4.96107784431 60% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.76447105788 46% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 2.70958083832 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 4.0 1.67365269461 239% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 1.0 4.22255489022 24% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 20.0 19.7664670659 101% => OK
Sentence length: 28.0 22.8473053892 123% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 84.3832181183 57.8364921388 146% => OK
Chars per sentence: 137.8 119.503703932 115% => OK
Words per sentence: 28.25 23.324526521 121% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.35 5.70786347227 59% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 12.0 5.25449101796 228% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 6.88822355289 160% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.67664670659 64% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.422169509873 0.218282227539 193% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.12973565712 0.0743258471296 175% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.124014625576 0.0701772020484 177% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.246935522982 0.128457276422 192% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.134335447197 0.0628817314937 214% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.7 14.3799401198 109% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.52 48.3550499002 107% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 12.197005988 107% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.32 12.5979740519 90% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.04 8.32208582834 97% => OK
difficult_words: 108.0 98.500998004 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 17.5 12.3882235529 141% => OK
gunning_fog: 13.2 11.1389221557 119% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.