TPO 31- Integrated
The reading part brings up pieces of criticism of the idea that Sinosauropteryx was a feathered dinosaur. However, in the lecture, the professor finds these objections unconvincing and refute them all.
The first problem with the reading part is that skeptics say that fine lines surrounding the skeletal bone of fossil skeleton of Sinosauropteryx may not even represent the functional structure of a living dinosaur, but these structures were formed after the animal's death thereby decomposing skin into skin fibers. In the speaking part, on the contrary, the lecturer undercuts this idea by maintaining that fossil skeleton of other animals found in volcanic ash do not represent the pattern like one in Sinosauropteryx skeleton. Hence, it seems to rule out the idea that the Sinosauropteryx skeleton was not well-preserved in the volcanic ash and had decomposed structure.
Another bug with the explanation critics have raised is that even if the fine lines are remnants of real structures of Sinosauropteryx, paleontologists cannot tell with certainty what part of the dinosaur's anatomy the structure was and the reading part claims that the lines are much more likely to be fossilized remains of frills than remains of feathers. In contrast, the speaker underscores the idea that there is a chemical difference between frill and feather, what chemical analyses show this, as well.
Another issue with the passage is that because the location of lines is in the backbone, it casts serious doubt that the lines are remains of feathers. Since the useful feathers cannot be located in the backbone. Contrarily, the professor undercuts the idea owing to the fact that feathers animal have are not just targeted at helping them fly or regulate their body temperature. Sometimes, they use feathers to display and use them in mating rituals.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-04-29 | NGN | 80 | view |
| 2017-12-09 | abbas68shafiee | 80 | view |
| 2017-08-07 | mahabub | 73 | view |
| 2016-12-06 | soniasa | 80 | view |
| 2016-07-14 | mehran_pes2007 | 86 | view |
- TPO 29- Integrated 80
- TPO 31- Integrated 80
- TPO 34: Educating children is a more difficult task today than it was in the past because they spend so much time on cell phones, online games, and social networking Web site. 76
- TPO 29:To improve the quality of education, universities should spend more money on salaries for university professors. 66
- TPO 37- Because people are busy doing so many different things, they do very few things well. 90
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 259, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'animals'' or 'animal's'?
Suggestion: animals'; animal's
... these structures were formed after the animals death thereby decomposing skin into ski...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 197, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'dinosaurs'' or 'dinosaur's'?
Suggestion: dinosaurs'; dinosaur's
...ot tell with certainty what part of the dinosaurs anatomy the structure was and the readi...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 152, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “Since” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...that the lines are remains of feathers. Since the useful feathers cannot be located i...
^^^^^
Line 4, column 302, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Use past participle here: 'been'.
Suggestion: been
...g to the fact that feathers animal have are not just targeted at helping them fly o...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, hence, however, if, may, so, well, in contrast, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 40.0 30.3222958057 132% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1549.0 1373.03311258 113% => OK
No of words: 295.0 270.72406181 109% => OK
Chars per words: 5.25084745763 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.14434120667 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.97744851429 2.5805825403 115% => OK
Unique words: 163.0 145.348785872 112% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.552542372881 0.540411800872 102% => OK
syllable_count: 486.9 419.366225166 116% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 11.0 13.0662251656 84% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 26.0 21.2450331126 122% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 90.5613348615 49.2860985944 184% => OK
Chars per sentence: 140.818181818 110.228320801 128% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.8181818182 21.698381199 124% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.81818181818 7.06452816374 97% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.581222643384 0.272083759551 214% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.177082834717 0.0996497079465 178% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.150549941916 0.0662205650399 227% => The coherence between sentences is low.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.305463278172 0.162205337803 188% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.139517751716 0.0443174109184 315% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.7 13.3589403974 125% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 36.63 53.8541721854 68% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 14.6 11.0289183223 132% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.47 12.2367328918 110% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.83 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 73.0 63.6247240618 115% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 10.498013245 118% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.