The following opinion was provided in a letter to the editor of a national aeronautics magazine:
“Manned space flight is costly and dangerous. Moreover, the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space. Therefore, we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight."
Space has been one of those things that intrigues the humans the most. Even the smallest aspect of the space can really get a group of scientists worked up on the excitement and since then mankind has been exorbitantly investing in space missions and research about the space. The article presented to the editor of national aeronautics magazine trying to present his opinion that more investment should be made in unmanned space mission rather than manned space mission might seem appealing and the correct approach but the lack of evidence to back this claim and gaps in the argument presented to the editor is not sufficient enough. Some of the flaws and gaps in the argument are as follows.
Firstly, the author states that manned space flight is very costly and dangerous which is true in some aspects such as obviously it takes a lot more money to put a man inside a rocket and send him to space as compared to just sending a rocket with robots installed to do all the work. But what the author misses out to mention that it is a costly affair to build robots which are needed to be fitted into the rocket to do all the tasks and the still after investing so much money into them there is absolutely no certainty on how will they function in space. The author does not provide any figures and estimates regarding the extra expense of putting a hum in the spacecraft. If he would have done so his argument would have been more compelling.
Secondly, the author cites the recent success of unmanned space missions and satellites and bases his conclusion on it. But the author forgets that the success and failure of a space mission is not just merely based on one factor, there are multiple factors which together decide the success and failure of a space mission. For example, the manned mission could have gone wrong because of some kind of technical fault rather than a human error or computational error, therefore just by citing one reason which just considers one factor is not accurate enough. The author needs to provide more evidence and more data to prove and support his claims.
Moving on, the author suggests that more money should be invested into the unmanned space flights rather than manned but he does not provide any other facts or evidence to back his claims. It is true that putting life inside a rocket and sending it into space can be very dangerous, but it has a positive side as well in many aspects a human is more reliable than a robot and if there is some problem which occurs which has not been put into the robot's software to solve the robot is helpless whereas in such a case a human which his ability to think and decipher problems as in when required given mankind an edge over robots. This important aspect is completely left out of the argument presented by the author.
In conclusion, the argument presented by the author to the editor of the national aeronautics magazine suggesting that unmanned mission should be preferred over manned mission and more money should be invested in the latter, would have a bigger impact if the author would have provided more data along with indisputable facts rather than some specious claims
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 16 15
No. of Words: 559 350
No. of Characters: 2583 1500
No. of Different Words: 240 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.862 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.621 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.316 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 185 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 118 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 76 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 37 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 34.938 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 21.043 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.75 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.363 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.566 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.162 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 637, Rule ID: SOME_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'some'.
Suggestion: Some
...to the editor is not sufficient enough. Some of the flaws and gaps in the argument are as f...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 684, Rule ID: IF_WOULD_HAVE_VBN[1]
Message: Did you mean 'had done'?
Suggestion: had done
... putting a hum in the spacecraft. If he would have done so his argument would have been more co...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 447, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'robots'' or 'robot's'?
Suggestion: robots'; robot's
... occurs which has not been put into the robots software to solve the robot is helpless...
^^^^^^
Line 7, column 594, Rule ID: NEEDS_FIXED[1]
Message: "required given" is only accepted in certain dialects. For something more widely acceptable, try 'given' or 'to be given'.
Suggestion: given; to be given
...d decipher problems as in when required given mankind an edge over robots. This impor...
^^^^^
Line 9, column 267, Rule ID: IF_WOULD_HAVE_VBN[1]
Message: Did you mean 'had provided'?
Suggestion: had provided
...ould have a bigger impact if the author would have provided more data along with indisputable facts...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, firstly, if, really, regarding, second, secondly, so, still, then, therefore, well, whereas, for example, in conclusion, kind of, such as, it is true
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 25.0 19.6327345309 127% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 13.0 12.9520958084 100% => OK
Conjunction : 26.0 11.1786427146 233% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 16.0 13.6137724551 118% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 28.8173652695 97% => OK
Preposition: 70.0 55.5748502994 126% => OK
Nominalization: 12.0 16.3942115768 73% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2622.0 2260.96107784 116% => OK
No of words: 559.0 441.139720559 127% => OK
Chars per words: 4.69051878354 5.12650576532 91% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.86242540663 4.56307096286 107% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.35381104975 2.78398813304 85% => OK
Unique words: 242.0 204.123752495 119% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.432915921288 0.468620217663 92% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 837.0 705.55239521 119% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 4.96107784431 40% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.76447105788 91% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.70958083832 37% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.67365269461 179% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 4.22255489022 24% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 19.7664670659 81% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 34.0 22.8473053892 149% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 115.482801073 57.8364921388 200% => OK
Chars per sentence: 163.875 119.503703932 137% => OK
Words per sentence: 34.9375 23.324526521 150% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.0625 5.70786347227 176% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 6.88822355289 116% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.67664670659 43% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.213889293156 0.218282227539 98% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.077572724957 0.0743258471296 104% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0666553521964 0.0701772020484 95% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.129336542737 0.128457276422 101% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0464630564919 0.0628817314937 74% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 18.1 14.3799401198 126% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 45.43 48.3550499002 94% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 15.4 12.197005988 126% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.51 12.5979740519 83% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.43 8.32208582834 101% => OK
difficult_words: 110.0 98.500998004 112% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 18.0 12.3882235529 145% => OK
gunning_fog: 15.6 11.1389221557 140% => OK
text_standard: 18.0 11.9071856287 151% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.