The bar chart below describes the gross domestic spending on Research and Development in five countries between 2001 and 2011.
The bar chart portrays what percentage of money was devoted to research and development sector in the years of 2001, 2005 and 2011 in 5 countries (China, France, Spain, UK, USA)
Overall, it can be seen that in all three years, USA had the highest Gross Domestic Expenditure from research and development while Spain had the least.
In the year of 2001, USA spent the highest amount of money behind R&D at 2.6% of GDP. France became the second highest by spending 2.2% of its GDP on R&D. Then comes UK with contributing 1.5% of its GDP to R&D. China and Spain spent 0.9% and 0.8% of their GDP on this sector.
In the year of 2005, USA, France and UK contributed 2.5% and 2% and 1.4% of their GDP behind R&D, which is less than their contribution in 2003. On the contrary, China and Spain spent 1.3% and 1.1% of their GDP on R&D which is greater than their previous contribution.
In the year of 2011, all of the countries spent more than the previous 2 years on the sector of R&D, with USA at 2.7%, France at 2.3% , UK at 1.6%, China at 1.8% and Spain at 1.3%.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-09-13 | Nowshin Tabassum | 61 | view |
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 22, Rule ID: ALL_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'all the'.
Suggestion: all the
...ous contribution. In the year of 2011, all of the countries spent more than the previous ...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 134, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...of R&D, with USA at 2.7%, France at 2.3% , UK at 1.6%, China at 1.8% and Spain at ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, second, then, while, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 4.0 7.0 57% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 1.00243902439 100% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 6.8 162% => OK
Relative clauses : 3.0 3.15609756098 95% => OK
Pronoun: 10.0 5.60731707317 178% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 40.0 33.7804878049 118% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 3.97073170732 101% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 864.0 965.302439024 90% => OK
No of words: 200.0 196.424390244 102% => OK
Chars per words: 4.32 4.92477711251 88% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.76060309309 3.73543355544 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.26322777147 2.65546596893 85% => OK
Unique words: 103.0 106.607317073 97% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.515 0.547539520022 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 212.4 283.868780488 75% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.1 1.45097560976 76% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 1.53170731707 65% => OK
Article: 1.0 4.33902439024 23% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.07073170732 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 0.482926829268 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 3.36585365854 149% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 8.0 8.94146341463 89% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 22.4926829268 111% => OK
Sentence length SD: 85.2848169371 43.030603864 198% => OK
Chars per sentence: 108.0 112.824112599 96% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.0 22.9334400587 109% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.125 5.23603664747 98% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 3.83414634146 130% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 2.0 1.69756097561 118% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 3.70975609756 27% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 1.13902439024 88% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.09268292683 147% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.136468987165 0.215688989381 63% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0518523468262 0.103423049105 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0863978566781 0.0843802449381 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0949721031431 0.15604864568 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0930973056837 0.0819641961636 114% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.4 13.2329268293 86% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 88.4 61.2550243902 144% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 6.51609756098 48% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.1 10.3012195122 69% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 8.07 11.4140731707 71% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 6.85 8.06136585366 85% => OK
difficult_words: 25.0 40.7170731707 61% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 11.4329268293 118% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 10.9970731707 109% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.0658536585 108% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Maximum four paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 61.797752809 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 5.5 Out of 9
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 22, Rule ID: ALL_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'all the'.
Suggestion: all the
...ous contribution. In the year of 2011, all of the countries spent more than the previous ...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 134, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...of R&D, with USA at 2.7%, France at 2.3% , UK at 1.6%, China at 1.8% and Spain at ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, second, then, while, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 4.0 7.0 57% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 1.00243902439 100% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 6.8 162% => OK
Relative clauses : 3.0 3.15609756098 95% => OK
Pronoun: 10.0 5.60731707317 178% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 40.0 33.7804878049 118% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 3.97073170732 101% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 864.0 965.302439024 90% => OK
No of words: 200.0 196.424390244 102% => OK
Chars per words: 4.32 4.92477711251 88% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.76060309309 3.73543355544 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.26322777147 2.65546596893 85% => OK
Unique words: 103.0 106.607317073 97% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.515 0.547539520022 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 212.4 283.868780488 75% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.1 1.45097560976 76% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 1.53170731707 65% => OK
Article: 1.0 4.33902439024 23% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.07073170732 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 0.482926829268 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 3.36585365854 149% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 8.0 8.94146341463 89% => OK
Sentence length: 25.0 22.4926829268 111% => OK
Sentence length SD: 85.2848169371 43.030603864 198% => OK
Chars per sentence: 108.0 112.824112599 96% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.0 22.9334400587 109% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.125 5.23603664747 98% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 3.83414634146 130% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 2.0 1.69756097561 118% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 3.70975609756 27% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 1.13902439024 88% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.09268292683 147% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.136468987165 0.215688989381 63% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0518523468262 0.103423049105 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0863978566781 0.0843802449381 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0949721031431 0.15604864568 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0930973056837 0.0819641961636 114% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.4 13.2329268293 86% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 88.4 61.2550243902 144% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 6.51609756098 48% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.1 10.3012195122 69% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 8.07 11.4140731707 71% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 6.85 8.06136585366 85% => OK
difficult_words: 25.0 40.7170731707 61% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 11.4329268293 118% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 10.9970731707 109% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.0658536585 108% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Maximum four paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 61.797752809 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 5.5 Out of 9
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.