As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.
One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico,in which many people have been living for centuries.
A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.
A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.
The reading proposes three possible assumption for the real use of the "great houses" which built in huge stone and includes hundreds of rooms. Simply for residents, storing grains, and ceremonial centers. Nevertheless, the lecture debuts all of the speculations.
Albeit the reading put forward the idea that the building was residential since the numerous rooms can be nothing but for people to reside in, the lecture refutes that the amount of the fireplaces are insufficient for hundreds of people to live inside as the lecture expects.
Moreover, the reading believes that the building may used to contain grain maize. However, there were no direct evidence like crop containers or leftover maize be found in the remains as the lecture distrust.
Lastly, the lecture disapproves the opinion from the reading that the Pueblo Alto was a ceremonial center and the broken pots found in there can be a clear evidence. The lecture states that broken pots cannot directly prove the room was a place to gather people. Instead, it can be a trash collecting room where people put useless stuff in, too.
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| 2023-11-16 | TiOluwani97 | 87 | view |
| 2023-02-12 | zaid | 80 | view |
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| 2022-11-17 | rpinisetti8 | 80 | view |
| 2022-11-14 | Sakib | 73 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 37, Rule ID: CD_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun 'assumption' seems to be countable, so consider using: 'assumptions'.
Suggestion: assumptions
The reading proposes three possible assumption for the real use of the 'great hou...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 250, Rule ID: ALL_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'all the'.
Suggestion: all the
...nters. Nevertheless, the lecture debuts all of the speculations. Albeit the reading put f...
^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, however, lastly, may, moreover, nevertheless
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 6.0 22.412803532 27% => OK
Preposition: 18.0 30.3222958057 59% => More preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 929.0 1373.03311258 68% => OK
No of words: 182.0 270.72406181 67% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.1043956044 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.67297393991 4.04702891845 91% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.63124863663 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 110.0 145.348785872 76% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.604395604396 0.540411800872 112% => OK
syllable_count: 285.3 419.366225166 68% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 65.0961302447 49.2860985944 132% => OK
Chars per sentence: 103.222222222 110.228320801 94% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.2222222222 21.698381199 93% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.44444444444 7.06452816374 77% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.124884597989 0.272083759551 46% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0484594755377 0.0996497079465 49% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0419733838251 0.0662205650399 63% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0792439110977 0.162205337803 49% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0356098721549 0.0443174109184 80% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.7 13.3589403974 95% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.3 12.2367328918 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.45 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 44.0 63.6247240618 69% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.