Underwater, whales produce loud noises: known as songs. Scientists use whale songs to study the movements for migrations, of groups of whales. Recently, scientists discovered something unusual: a single, solitary whale whose song is unlike that of all other known whales. The most notable difference between this unusual whale's song and those of other whales is its high pitch or frequency This unique whale is called the 52-hertz whale because it sings at the unusual frequency of 52 hertz, a much higher pitch than normal. When the 52-hertz whale was first detected, the cause of its uniquely high-pitched song was unknown; however, scientists now have several theories to explain it.
One theory holds that the 52-hertz whale may be a hybrid: the offspring of two different whale species Whales of different species are known to interbreed and produce hybrid offspring that combine characteristics from each of their parents' species. As a hybrid, the whale may have a unique song, different from that of either of its parents because it resulted from a combination of the two
A second theory is that the 52-hertz whale may have a damaged sense of hearing Just as people learn to speak by copying the sounds they hear, whales may learn to sing by listening to the sounds of other whales songs. When people are born deaf, their speech may sound different from that of people born hearing. Similarly, the 52-hertz whale’s songs may sound different simply because it cannot hear the songs of other whales.
A third theory holds that the 52-hertz whale may be the only known member of a rare species Perhaps there were once many more whales of this species, but most are now gone. It seems to be entirely unique only because most of its species has died out.
According to what the reading passage expressed, scientists have heard a different sound frequency and suggested several theories but, as the professor has explained in the lecture the several theories are flawed.
The 52-hertz whale may be an offspring of two different whale species that can not be true. Ss the professor said hybrids migrate with other normal whales, so the whale with 52-hertz must migrate with other wales even if the hybrid does not it, that would mean this whale is not a hybrid and migrates alone.
The 52-hertz whale may have a damaged sense of hearing is flawed. According to what the professor has explained in the lecture, the 52-hertz whale may have caused by a different physical structure of throat, and this structure has led to an unusual frequency, so it can not be produced by a whale that can not hear because a whale with a poor ability to hear can not produce such a loud sound.
The theory that the 52-hertz whale may be a rare species that many of them have gone is false because, as the professor expressed, this rare whale has to have parents, but scientists who have always heard the whale songs, did not hear this sound for other species that might be the parents. As a result, this theory can not be True.
- integrated writing toefl, TPO 25 40
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 215, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ecture the several theories are flawed. The 52-hertz whale may be an offspring o...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, if, may, so, as to, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 5.04856512141 238% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 14.0 22.412803532 62% => OK
Preposition: 17.0 30.3222958057 56% => More preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 0.0 5.01324503311 0% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1032.0 1373.03311258 75% => OK
No of words: 223.0 270.72406181 82% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.62780269058 5.08290768461 91% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.86434787811 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.37086181435 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 101.0 145.348785872 69% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.452914798206 0.540411800872 84% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 310.5 419.366225166 74% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.23620309051 49% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 7.0 13.0662251656 54% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 31.0 21.2450331126 146% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 104.501342634 49.2860985944 212% => The lengths of sentences changed so frequently.
Chars per sentence: 147.428571429 110.228320801 134% => OK
Words per sentence: 31.8571428571 21.698381199 147% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.14285714286 7.06452816374 73% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 0.0 4.33554083885 0% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.220001685717 0.272083759551 81% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.110937306066 0.0996497079465 111% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0651295306521 0.0662205650399 98% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.137879842669 0.162205337803 85% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0651643525078 0.0443174109184 147% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.3 13.3589403974 122% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 56.93 53.8541721854 106% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 11.0289183223 118% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.17 12.2367328918 83% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.72 8.42419426049 92% => OK
difficult_words: 36.0 63.6247240618 57% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 12.5 10.7273730684 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 14.4 10.498013245 137% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 68.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 20.5 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 215, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ecture the several theories are flawed. The 52-hertz whale may be an offspring o...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, if, may, so, as to, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 5.04856512141 238% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 14.0 22.412803532 62% => OK
Preposition: 17.0 30.3222958057 56% => More preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 0.0 5.01324503311 0% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1032.0 1373.03311258 75% => OK
No of words: 223.0 270.72406181 82% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.62780269058 5.08290768461 91% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.86434787811 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.37086181435 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 101.0 145.348785872 69% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.452914798206 0.540411800872 84% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 310.5 419.366225166 74% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.23620309051 49% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 7.0 13.0662251656 54% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 31.0 21.2450331126 146% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 104.501342634 49.2860985944 212% => The lengths of sentences changed so frequently.
Chars per sentence: 147.428571429 110.228320801 134% => OK
Words per sentence: 31.8571428571 21.698381199 147% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.14285714286 7.06452816374 73% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 0.0 4.33554083885 0% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.220001685717 0.272083759551 81% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.110937306066 0.0996497079465 111% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0651295306521 0.0662205650399 98% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.137879842669 0.162205337803 85% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0651643525078 0.0443174109184 147% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.3 13.3589403974 122% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 56.93 53.8541721854 106% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 11.0289183223 118% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.17 12.2367328918 83% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.72 8.42419426049 92% => OK
difficult_words: 36.0 63.6247240618 57% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 12.5 10.7273730684 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 14.4 10.498013245 137% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 68.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 20.5 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.