Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable, especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis. First, the edmontosaur's diet supports the migration hypothesis. Edmontosaurs fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food. Second, many edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration. The finding that edmonotsaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis. Finally, edmonosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which is certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winters.
In the reading passage, the author discusses three kinds of the reasons to illustrates that the Edmontousaur's were migrating during the winter because of the lack of the food supplies, while the lecturer claims that the reading passage states is not convincing and disputes those reasons presented in the reading passage by several proofs.
First, the writer claims that Edmontousaur diets was just based on the vegetation and lack of the plants growing because of the cold weather. Force Edmontousaur to migrate to the hospital places in the winter. However, the lecturer views to this issue from an opposite angle. According to the speaker, summers in the arctic reigns were warmer and hospital than now and support good vegetation growth, although vegetation die in the winter. Edmontousaur could easily use those plants nutrients during the cold seasons.
Second, the belief in the reading passage is that Edmontousaur were living in herd and based on the observation on the modern animals. Most of the animals which lives in herd, have migrate lifestyle, while the lecturer refutes this view point and says those animals’ life in groups to protect themselves from the predators give rose elk as an example which lives in a group, but don't migrate.
Additionally, the reading passage states that the Edmontousaurs had capable to migrate long distance. By contract, the professor demonstrates a different idea that just adult Edmontousaurs had this capable not juvenile ones, so Edmontousaurs could left their youngest alone during the migrate because they can't live by themselves. Vividly they didn't migrate.
All in all, the professor clearly identifies the weaknesses in the reading passage reasons and convincingly shows that the central point in the reading passage, the idea about the Edmontousaur migration, is actually incorrect.
- Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slo 3
- In 1938 an archaeologist in Iraq acquired a set of clay jars that had been excavated two years earlier by villagers constructing a railroad line. The vessel was about 2,200 years old. Each clay jay contained a copper cylinder surrounding an iron rod. The 3
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 182, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Use past participle here: 'migrated'.
Suggestion: migrated
...f the animals which lives in herd, have migrate lifestyle, while the lecturer refutes t...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 385, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
... an example which lives in a group, but dont migrate. Additionally, the reading p...
^^^^
Line 7, column 249, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[1]
Message: The verb 'could' requires the base form of the verb: 'leave'
Suggestion: leave
...t juvenile ones, so Edmontousaurs could left their youngest alone during the migrate...
^^^^
Line 7, column 282, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
... could left their youngest alone during the migrate because they cant live by themselves. V...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 307, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...t alone during the migrate because they cant live by themselves. Vividly they didnt ...
^^^^
Line 7, column 345, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: didn't
...y cant live by themselves. Vividly they didnt migrate. All in all, the professor cle...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, first, however, if, second, so, while
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 7.0 10.4613686534 67% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 18.0 22.412803532 80% => OK
Preposition: 39.0 30.3222958057 129% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1567.0 1373.03311258 114% => OK
No of words: 291.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 5.38487972509 5.08290768461 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.13022058845 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.78824847218 2.5805825403 108% => OK
Unique words: 151.0 145.348785872 104% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.518900343643 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 471.6 419.366225166 112% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 90.1521861447 49.2860985944 183% => OK
Chars per sentence: 130.583333333 110.228320801 118% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.25 21.698381199 112% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.33333333333 7.06452816374 61% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0531148800547 0.272083759551 20% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0208959377626 0.0996497079465 21% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0203194157968 0.0662205650399 31% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0286406805228 0.162205337803 18% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0261759592646 0.0443174109184 59% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.0 13.3589403974 120% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 47.12 53.8541721854 87% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 11.0289183223 115% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.22 12.2367328918 116% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.52 8.42419426049 101% => OK
difficult_words: 68.0 63.6247240618 107% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 10.7273730684 131% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.