The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.
"A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the
average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of
sleep the executives need and the success of their firms. Of the advertising firms studied,
those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher
profit margins and faster growth. These results suggest that if a business wants to prosper, it
should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the
argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the
implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
In this argument the author concludes that a business should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night for it to prosper. To justify this conclusion, the author points out that a study among 300 advertising executives shows that those who sleep no more than 6 hours per night have higher profit margins and faster growth. However, the author should evaluate the assumptions to establish the argument strongly.
The author mentions a survey rating 300 male and female advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep every night. Based on this survey, the author unfairly offers an assumption that a business should hire people who only need 6 hours of sleep for a better prospect, which should be evaluated. First, can these 300 executives actually represent all the staffs in the business? Not exactly. It is entirely possible that other employees sleep normally. Even though the executives can represent all the employees in the advertising industry, it is perfunctory to conclude that the data can be representative of all the workers in other industries which may be entirely different from advertising industry. Hence, lacking evidence of a sufficiently representative sample, the author cannot convincingly rely on the study to draw any conclusion whatsoever.
The author also assumes that the business in which the executives sleep no more than 6 hours per night had higher profit margins and faster growth. However, the author falsely establish a causal relationship between the sleep hours of executives and the business’s fast growth as well as high profits. A threshold problem is that it is not the less sleep time that causes the better development. On the contrast, it is highly probable that the deprivation of sleep can be ascribed to the assiduous development of the business. Besides, the reasons why a business is lucrative and grows at a dramatic speed cannot merely be attributed to the less sleep hours of the executives, a myriad of other indispensable factors should be taken into consideration, For example, the staffs are likely to have excellent competence and high efficiency, which can also be conducive to the prospect of business. Therefore, the author should circumspectly evaluate this assumption.
On the basis that the less sleep hours of executives can lead to the better development of the advertising firms, it is still tenuous to conclude that businesses in all industries should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night for the sake of better prospects. As for certain professions, such as doctors and drivers, adequate sleep is of great significance. For instance, if a surgeon doesn’t get enough sleep the prior night, the safety of the patient cannot be warranted during the operation due to the inattentiveness of the surgeon. If the drivers cannot get sufficient sleep per night, the rate of traffic accidents may climb dramatically. Under these scenarios, the author’s assumption is not persuasive.
In a sum, while the conclusion and the whole argument might be plausible, the author should assess the assumptions to substantiate the argument. Had the author considered the possible scenarios to strengthen the assumptions, the argument and the conclusion might have held water.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.5 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 23 15
No. of Words: 534 350
No. of Characters: 2708 1500
No. of Different Words: 223 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.807 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.071 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.843 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 201 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 141 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 113 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 76 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 23.217 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 13.371 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.565 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.341 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.513 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.105 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, besides, but, first, hence, however, if, may, so, still, then, therefore, well, while, as for, for example, for instance, such as, as well as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 19.0 19.6327345309 97% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 25.0 12.9520958084 193% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 11.1786427146 81% => OK
Relative clauses : 20.0 13.6137724551 147% => OK
Pronoun: 26.0 28.8173652695 90% => OK
Preposition: 53.0 55.5748502994 95% => OK
Nominalization: 18.0 16.3942115768 110% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2797.0 2260.96107784 124% => OK
No of words: 533.0 441.139720559 121% => OK
Chars per words: 5.24765478424 5.12650576532 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.80487177365 4.56307096286 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.99909815172 2.78398813304 108% => OK
Unique words: 228.0 204.123752495 112% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.427767354597 0.468620217663 91% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 846.0 705.55239521 120% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 4.96107784431 81% => OK
Article: 17.0 8.76447105788 194% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 2.70958083832 185% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 4.22255489022 142% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 22.0 19.7664670659 111% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 76.8087502892 57.8364921388 133% => OK
Chars per sentence: 127.136363636 119.503703932 106% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.2272727273 23.324526521 104% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.13636363636 5.70786347227 125% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.25449101796 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 10.0 8.20758483034 122% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 6.88822355289 102% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.228166464832 0.218282227539 105% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0719900172384 0.0743258471296 97% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0867051646457 0.0701772020484 124% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.130025350656 0.128457276422 101% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0729739691121 0.0628817314937 116% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.4 14.3799401198 107% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 47.12 48.3550499002 97% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 12.197005988 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.47 12.5979740519 107% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.56 8.32208582834 103% => OK
difficult_words: 126.0 98.500998004 128% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 12.3882235529 89% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.